Ubufakazi Early Imithombo Church.
N.B. Leli khasi akusho okwamanje “Esenziwe Lula isiZulu” version.
ukuhumushwa okuzenzakalelayo zisekelwe embhalweni wokuqala IsiZulu. Bona ingafaka amaphutha abalulekile.
ITestamente Elisha lifuna ukubhala.
- Kulandela umkhuba ojwayelekile wesikhathi, Akekho amaVangeli abize ngokusobala abalobi babo. Nokho:
- a) Ukungeniswa kukaLuka (1:1-4) nezenzo (1:1-2), kuhlanganiswe nezitayela zabo zokubhala, khombisa lokhu ukuthi kubhalwe okufanayo, ufundile kakhulu, umuntu. Ukwethulwa kweVangeli kukhombisa ukuthi uyakwazi ukuba khona kwamanye amarekhodi kaJesu’ impilo, Kepha bebefuna ukwethula i-akhawunti e-odred e-audle kahle kunangaphambili; Ngenkathi isingeniso seZenzo sibonisa lokhu kwalotshwa njenge-sequel elandelanayo yeVangeli. Ukushintshwa komuntu wesithathu kumuntu wokuqala ngobuningi (okuthiwa 'thina’ izindisi) Ezingxenyeni zezenzo izahluko 16, 20, 21, 27 futhi 28 khombisa ukuthi wayengumngane ojikelezayo weSt. Paul.
b) IVangeli likaJohane liqukethe izikhombo eziningi kumfundi ongabizwanga ngokuthi owayethandwa kakhulu uJesu futhi ancike kuye isidlo sakusihlwa sokugcina ukubuza ukuthi uJesu’ umkhakha. Lo mfundi ongabhalwanga igama ukhonjwa kuJohn 21:20-4 Njengomthombo oyinhloko weVangeli. Ngokusobala akuyona uPhetro, Ngubani oshiwo njalo ngegama: Kepha incazelo neminye imikhondo ihambelana kahle noJohn, Ngubani ogama lakhe liqanjwe ngokusobala noma. Izincwadi zikaJohane zibhalwa phansi ngombhali ofanayo; Noma futhi akabizwa ngegama kunoma yimuphi wabo. UJohn uphinde wakhonjwa ngokusobala njengomlobi wesambulo: yize lokhu kungaqukethe okuphathelene nengxoxo yamanje.
- c) Kunengxabano encane ye-Scholastic mayelana neningi lezincwadi zeSt Paul, ngaphandle kwalezo kuThimothewu noThithu. Babonisa isitayela esihlukile nokuqukethwe okufundile futhi bahlala bakhonjwa ngokucacile ukuthi babe ngumsebenzi wakhe, iphuzu uPaul likhanda njengesici esiqinisekisayo ku- 2 Thes 3:17. (Qaphela ukuthi i-Epistle kumaHeberu iyayenza -I Beka isimangalo sokubhala uPauline.)
- d) Kokubili 1 futhi 2 UPeter usho ngokusobala ukubhala kwabo. Lokhu kuphindiswe ezinye izazi, Yize kuhlala kungumbono wendabuko. Noma kunjalo, Ukugwema impikiswano engadingekile abakhonjwanga engxoxweni yamanje.
- e) U-Epistle kaJude uthi kwabhalwa uJude, umfowabo kaJakobe. Nokho, Inikeza ubufakazi obuncane obuqondile ngokuvuka, ngakho-ke akukhonjelwanga kule ngxoxo.
Ubufakazi bangaphakathi obuhlobene nokuqomisana kwamaphepha eTestamente eNtsha kuzoxoxwa ngalo ngokwahlukana.
Ubufakazi bobaba beSonto Lokuqala.
- I-Polycarp (Isikhangiso 69-155)
- I-Polycarp, umbhishobhi waseSmirna, wafunwa ngumphostoli uJohane, futhi washiswa esigxotsheni ngemuva kokwenqaba esidlangalaleni ukuphinde akhumbule ukholo lwakhe. Incwadi ebhalelwe isonto eFiliphi (Ukungadideki nencwadi ye-NT eyabhalwa nguPaul) konke kusinda emibhalweni yakhe: Kepha ubalulekile njengomthombo wabalobi abalandelayo.
- Amapapiya omshoshangu (Isikhangiso 60-140)
- UPapias wayengumbhishobhi waseHierapolis ePhrygia, nombhali owandayo. Imibhalo yakhe iyaphila namuhla ezicaphuni kwabanye ababhali, Njengo-Eusebius no-Irenaeus. U-Irenaus usitshela ukuthi ungumngane wePolycarp futhi wake wazwa noJohn uqobo. U-Eusebius ubhekene nendima eyodwa lapho uPapias echaza ngayo ukuthi uzombuza kanjani noma ngubani ofuna ukubuza ngayo noma ngubani ahlangana naye owayenolwazi lokuqala lwabaphostoli nabaholi besonto lokuqala. U-Eusebius uphinde athole isitatimende esilandelayo ngama-papias:
'Maka, ukuba ube ngumhumushi kaPeter, wabhala phansi ngokunembile konke akukhumbulayo, Ngaphandle kokuqoshwa ngokulandelana okushiwo noma okwenziwe nguKristu. Ngoba akazange amuzwa iNkosi, futhi akazange amlandele; Kepha ngemuva kwalokho, Njengoba ngishilo, ('Bhalile) UPeter, owaguqula imiyalo yakhe ezidingweni (Kulabo Abezwayo) kodwa wayengenalo design yokunikeza i-akhawunti exhunyiwe yamazwi kaJehova. Ngakho-ke uMarku akazange abe yiphutha, ngenkathi ebhala phansi izinto ezithile njengoba ebakhumbula; Ngoba wakwenza ukuba umuntu athi:, noma ukubeka phansi noma yisiphi isitatimende esingamanga kuyo.’
- AmaPapias nawo aqoshwa njengokusho:
'Ngakho-ke, UMathewu waqamba ama-oracles ngolimi lwesiHeberu, Futhi ngamunye wabahumusha njengoba engcono kakhulu.’
- Izazi ziyehluka ngokuthi uPapias wayesho ukuthi uMathewu wabhala ngesiHeberu, noma ngesi-Aramu, ulimi olukhohlisayo lwabantu abangamaJuda.
- URenaeus (Isikhangiso 120-190)
- U-Irenaus wayengumfundi wePolycarp, Ngubani njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla kwakungumfundi kaJohane uqobo. Uyakuqopha lokho:
'UMatthewu naye wakhipha iVangeli elibhaliwe phakathi kwamaHeberu ngolimi lwawo, Ngenkathi uPhetro noPawulu bebeshumayela eRoma, nokubeka izisekelo zesonto. Ngemuva kokusuka kwabo, Beka, Umfundi kanye nomhumushi kaPeter, wabalethela futhi kithi ekubhaleni lokho okwashunyayelwa nguPeter. ULuka futhi, umngane kaPaul, Kubhalwe encwadini ethi IVangeli lashunyayelwa nguYe. Emva kwalokho, John, Umfundi weNkosi, owayesencike esifubeni sakhe, Waze wenza iVangeli ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwakhe e-Efesu e-Asiya.’
- UClement of Alexandria (Isikhangiso 155-220) futhi kusho uMark:
'Nini, eRoma, UPhetro washumayela obala izwi futhi ngoMoya wayememezele ivangeli, Izilaleli ezinkulu zanxusa uMarku, owayemlandele isikhathi eside futhi wakhumbula lokho okwakushiwo, ukubhala konke phansi. Lokhu wakwenza, Ukwenza iVangeli lakhe litholwe kubo bonke abafuna.’
Ukubeka kafushane
Yize ababhali beVangeli bengabizwa ngegama eTestamenteni elisha uqobo, Izimo zabo zendabuko ziqinisekiswa ngoFata beSonto Lokuqala. Lezi yiziphathimandla ezazisondele, Ukuxhunyaniswa okuchazwe kahle kubaphostoli namanye amaKhristu akusezizukulwane lokuqala futhi bakulungele ukufa ngobufakazi babo.
Ngokusho kobufakazi bale mithombo yokuqala, UMatthew wayebhalwa iVangeli lokuqala Testamente Elisha. Njengoba u-Irenaus ethi kwenziwa ngenkathi uPhetro noPawulu beseRoma manje kulezi zindawo amaVangeli alandela kakhulu, Uma kungenjalo bonke, Izincwadi zikaPawulu (IRoma ibe yindawo yokugcina kaPawulu).
Beka (ngokuvamile kukhonjwe njengoJohn Mark, Umfundi ovela eJerusalema okukhulunywa ngaye kaningana kwiZenzo) wabhala kungekudala ngemuva kwalokho, Kususelwa ebuhlotsheni bakaPeter. ULuka wabhala ivangeli lakhe kamuva, kulandelwa ngezenzo, noJohn Ukuba ngowokugcina kofakazi abaphambili bokugcina ovukweni okufanele baqoshwe.
kwadalwa Ikhasi by Kevin King