Imithombo Ebangela zeVangeli.

Intshayelelo

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, Akukho mthi ilula esekwe ekukhupheleni ivangeli kwenye i-akhawunti ebonakalayo eyaneleyo kunye nolwahluko. Ngoku siqhubeka siqwalasele ithuba lokuba zonke iivangeli ezintathu zatsala kumthombo okanye imithombo yolwazi. Njengecala, Oku kuya kubandakanya ingxoxo malunga nethiyori yoxwebhu olulahlekileyo olwaziwa ngokuba 'q’ Kwaye 'ivangeli yamazwi'. Injongo yale nto ayizami ukusombulula yonke imibuzo enjalo: Kodwa ukubonisa into enokuqukumbela ngobungqina obufumanekayo malunga nokunyaniseka kwezibhalo zeVangeli.

Ngaba inye imizuzwana ngaphandle kweencwadi zeVangeli?

Intshayelelo kaLuka kwiVangeli yakhe, Icatshuliwe ngaphambili, ngokucacileyo ibonisa ukuba nangona wayebhalile (63-70 AD) 'Abaninzi’ Iiakhawunti ezahlukeneyo zazikho. Oku kuthetha ngokucacileyo ngaphezu kweeVangeli zikaMarko, UMateyu okanye uJohn. Kodwa ngelixa ezinye iivangeli zikhona ngokucacileyo ngemvelaphi kamva (Ezinye zezinto ezithandwa kakhulu ngabaxhasi 'be-fringe’ iinkolelo), Akukho zikopi ezisele zawo naziphi na iinzame zangaphambili.

Nangona kunjalo, Apho kungekho maxwebhu angaphambili aphilayo, Iinzame ezininzi zenziwe ukuba zinciphise ukuba zinjani iziqulatho zazo, ngokuyintloko esekwe ngokuyithelekisa iindinyana ezifanayo kwiVangeli yeVangeli.

'Q’ kunye neVangeli yeMi

Esona sizathu sibalulekileyo kwezi sisifo sobuculo sicinga ukuba iindinyana eziqhelekileyo kuMateyu noLuka, kodwa hayi uphawu, ivela kwi Umthombo olahlekileyo owaziwa ngokuba 'q’. Oku kufumene ukuthandwa okunjalo ukuba abaninzi bathethe ngokungathi luxwebhu lukhona; ayifuni. Ebizwa ngokuba ziikopi ze 'q’ ziphindaphindeka emva kwesicatshulwa sayo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala engqondweni; Kuba uninzi lwabagxeki bakumgangatho 'q’ Ngokungathi inika ubungqina bendlela abathi babiza ukuba iivangeli zihlengahlengiswa kwimithombo yangaphambili. Kodwa ukusukela 'q’ yafunyanwa isebenzisa izinto ezifanayo, ayibonisi kwanto ingaphaya kokwenzeka koxwebhu olufanayo, okanye amaxwebhu, unakho ubukho kwaye isetyenziswe njengomthombo.

Nangona kunjalo, Uninzi lwezi thiyori luhamba ngaphaya koko kunokuba lugqityiwe ngokuvakalayo kwindalo ecocekileyo. Esona sizathu sibiziweyo 'IVangeli yamazwi’. Le yintsusa 'yoqobo’ Ivangeli esele ithathiwe yinkqubo yokwahlulahlula ukusuka kwi 'q’ umbhalo, Ngokusekwe ekuqinisekisweni okungafunekiyo kunye nokungafikeleli ngokubanzi malunga nohlobo lwezinto ezaziza kuyenza njani uYesu kwaye zathi. (Ewe. kuthiwa uYesu akenzanga mimangaliso, okanye ukufundisa ngovuko lwabafileyo, ngoko ke iindinyana ezinjalo azinakuba yeyokuqala, njl..)

IVangeli kaTomas

Olunye uxwebhu olubangela umdla ngakumbi kubaphengululi, nangona kunjalo, yiVangeli kaTomas, ethetha ukuba iqulethe amazwi afihlakeleyo kaYesu. Nangona umhla wamva kuneevangeli zesinothi, kwaye kuyabonakala ukuba igqwethiwe, ibonisa ubungqina bokufikelela kumthombo ofanayo nezicatshulwa zangaphambi kwesishwankathelo. Oku kwenza ukuba kube luncedo kubahlalutyi besicatshulwa nangona ubunyani bayo burhanelwa. Nangona kunjalo, iqela labahlalutyi bale mihla liphinde lafuna ukunyusela uTomas kwindawo ephezulu kunokuba kufanelekile, kubonakala kumzamo wokufumana enye indlela kubungqina bemibhalo yesishwankathelo.

Ngaba Amaxwebhu Amadala Atshatyalaliswa Ngabom?

Nangona sisazi ukuba kukho enye ingqokelela yokuqokelelwa kwamabali namabali kaYesu ngokujikeleza xa kubhalwa iivangeli, La maxwebhu awasayi kuphinda abekho. Le ilahleko ibanjiwe ngenxa ye-boorists borists njengobungqina be 'gubi’ amaxwebhu angqubana ne-orthodoxy kamva: Kodwa oku akuhambelani nyhani kuviwo olubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngokwembali yembali, Akukho nto iphawuleka ngokulahleka kwala maxwebhu. Zimbalwa kakhulu izicatshulwa ezili xesha, Ingcwele okanye i-prouse, basindile kude kube namhlanje. Imfuneko kuphela yemfuneko yokusinda yayikukuba izizukulwana ezizayo azizange zifuneke zikhulu zokuqhubeka nokwenza ikopi. Ngokuphikisana, Iqondo lokusinda elimangalisayo lemigangatho yeTestamente eNtsha ngokungathandabuzekiyo ngenxa yokuthatha inxaxheba okukhulu kunye nokusasazwa ngokubanzi okwakufumanayo phakathi kwecawa yamaKristu ngokukhawuleza.

Uninzi lweeleta zeTestamente eNtsha zibonisa iincwadi zeVangeli ngokwazo; kwaye babhekisa ekuhleni kwiimfundiso ezikrisimesi ezaziqala ukuchaphazela iinxalenye ezithile zecawe yokuqala: Kodwa akukho nkqo inkani nayiphi na imbambano malunga nezibakala ezibalulekileyo malunga nobomi, Ukufa nokuvuka kukaYesu. I-reverser, inyaniso; KuPaul ngaphakathi 1 Korinte 15:1-17 (c. 55 AD) Ngokwenene i-CITE inqaku elisekwe kakuhle kuYesu’ Uvuko njengengxoxo yakhe ephambili ngokuchasene nabanye ababecebisa ukuba kungabikho luvuko ngokubanzi lwabafi. Ngapha koko, Abaphengululi abaye bahlola le ndinyana baye babona ukuba uPawulos apha usebenzisa intetho ekhethekileyo yokuthetha ebonisa ukuba ucaphula isiko lomlomo sinikwe ngamanye amaxesha.

Ezo ikopi zeencwadi zeVangeli eziye zasinda kubungqina bobuqili bokusasazwa kwabo (ewe. Owona mkhulu wokuqhwatywa kweVangeli kaYohane, Ngomhla phakathi 125 kunye ne-175ad *, yafunyanwa eJiphutha). Ngapha koko, Uninzi lwento eyaziwayo malunga nokubhalwa kwe-Apocryphal kamva kuyaziwa ngokuchanekileyo kuba wenze vuselela impikiswano. Ngaba ezi ngxelo zangaphambili zibaluleke kakhulu kwiCawe yokuqala, Kuyathandabuza kakhulu ukuba babenokudlulisela ngokuzolileyo babe kukungafihli ngokupheleleyo.

* Umhla weli qhekezwa waqikelelwa ekuqaleni 100-150 AD, Kodwa ukufundela ukufundela okutsha ukucebisa uqikelelo lobuchule ngakumbi. Funda ‘Dating kwe Documents NT'.

Inkcazo elula

Ke zenza ntoni, Kwaye kutheni bengazange baphile? Kude kakhulu kwimpikiswano, Ukugxekwa kuphela koku maxwebhu kwangaphambi kwalowo akubonisi i-akhawunti e-odola ngeziganeko. Oku kuqondwa ngokulula ukuba sikuqonda nje iimeko zikaYesu’ Icandelo loMphathiswa.

UYesu wachitha iminyaka yakhe yokugqibela esihamba kwi-Israeli, Ukufundisa kwizindlu zesikhungu, amakhaya kunye nomoya ovulekileyo. Njengoko yayiqhelekile ukuba ootitshala bomhla wakhe, Amazwi akhe aqhutywa ngendlela yokuba enze ukuba babe nenkumbulo ngokulula. (Ngaphandle kokufunda okuphakamileyo, Amakhwenkwe angamaJuda ayeqhutywa kakuhle, Izinto zokubhala zazimbalwa kwaye zininzi). Ukufundisa njengoko wenzayo kwiindawo ezininzi, ngewayethetha okufanayo, okanye efanayo, Amagama kwizihlandlo ezininzi, Kwaye aba babeya kuqhelana kakhulu kubafundi bakhe. Nangona kunjalo, Kusenokwenzeka ukuba abanye babaphulaphuli bakhe babeya kunqwenela ukwenza ezinye zazo ukuba zibhale kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

Ngokufanayo neengxelo zikaYesu’ ubomi. Abapostile bababona ngokucacileyo iimotweni zabo eziphambili zokudlulisela ubungqina bokungqina kwabo kuYesu’ Amagama nezenzo (cf. Izenzo 1:21-2). Nangona kwiintsuku zokuqala kugxininiswe kakhulu, Kusenokwenzeka ukuba neengxelo zikaYesu’ Izenzo ziya kugcinwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye abanye abantu babeza kuba bukho nje ukuqokelelwa kwezi.

Kwezi meko phantse ukuba ukuqokelelwa kukaYesu’ amazwi, kunye neeakhawunti zezenzo zakhe, ngewayejikeleze kwicawe yokuqala, kuzo zombini ifom yomlomo kwaye ebhaliweyo, ukusuka kwiintsuku zokuqala (c.f. Izenzo 2:42).

Kodwa uLuka ubeka umnwe wakhe ngokuqinileyo kwiintsilelo zabo kwaye kwaye, ngokuthobela, Isizathu sokunyamalala kwabo: Banomdla wokuqokelela iingqokelela zentetho kunye neengxelo kunokuba iiakhawunti zenkqubo. Babexabiseke kwiCawe yokuqala njengoncedo kwimemori: Kodwa xa iiVangeli zaqala ukujikeleza ngebezokuphulukana nokubaluleka kwazo kwaye kulahliwe.

* Enye into eyingxelo edumileyo yomfazi othathwe ekrexeza (John 8:2-11). Oku kungabikho kumbhalo wokuqala kaYohane; kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo phantse i-overting engabodwa, kodwa kwangoko, Imvelaphi eyayigcinelwe ngokwakho kwiVangeli.

Ngaba ababhali beencwadi zeVangeli basebenzisa imithombo?

Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngaphambili, ukufana okukufutshane phakathi komxholo weencwadi ezintathu zokuqala zeVangeli, Ngaphandle kobubanzi obuqinisekileyo bokhetho, Ngaba bacebisa ukuba basebenzise imizimba eqhelekileyo yezixhobo ezibhaliweyo okanye zomlomo njengenkqubo yemibhalo yabo.

Kuba uLuka wayengenguye omnye wabalishumi elinababini, Kusenokwenzeka ukuba wayenokutsalwa kwi-Bristimory kunye ne-Bight. Nangona abanye abafundi baphikisana nogadwe 2 UTimoti, Inesalathiso esinomdla (2 Ixesha 4:13) kwiincwadi ezithile kunye nezikhuseli zeparchped pasd eTrowa; Indawo eyaziwa nguLuka yayityelele noPaul ngaphezulu 2 izihlandlo (c.f. Izenzo 16:11 yaye 20:6).

Ngokwe Ootata bamandulo baseCawa, Uphawu (Akukho namnye wabalishumi elinambini, Kodwa ilungu lecawe yokuqala eYerusalem (Izenzo 12:12,25 et. Al.) kwaye kamva utotoli kaPeter) Sele esekwe kwiVangeli yakhe kwiiMfundiso zomlomo zikaPeter.

Ayaziwa ukuba uMateyu wasebenzisa nayiphi na imithombo ngaphandle kwe-realle tuelt: Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba wenze. Kodwa ekubeni uPetros wayenyulwe nguYesu ngokwakhe ukuba akhokele ibandla lokuqala, ayimangalisi into yokuba iimfundiso zomlomo okanye ezibhaliweyo ezasetyenziswa njengesiseko sikaMateyu noLuka zibonisa ukufana okusondeleyo neemfundiso zikaPetros., njengoko kubonisiwe nguMarko.

Ukuqukumbela

Ekubeni imithombo yangaphambili yomlomo nebhaliweyo iyaziwa ukuba ikhona, kubonakala ngathi ababhali besinoptic bebenokuzisebenzisa ezi njengesakhelo seeakhawunti zabo. Umbuzo wokuba la maxwebhu alungelelaniswe njani usengumba ocingelwayo. Nangona kunjalo, Iingcamango ezidumileyo ezithi zahluke ngokupheleleyo kwiincwadi zevangeli ziphikisana nobungqina obukhoyo bembali; kwaye usixelele ngakumbi malunga neengqikelelo zobuqu zabaxhasi babo kunokwenyani, uYesu wembali.

Buyela isihloko main.