Ukuchaza ngokutsha i-Eschatology yamaJuda

Njengoko kuxoxwe kwi icandelo elandulelayo, xa uYesu wayeqalisa ubulungiseleli bakhe ezi ngcamango zilandelayo zazisele zisekiwe kwiingcinga zamaYuda; nangona ubume babo bokwenyani kwanobukho babo, yaqhubeka ingumbandela wempikiswano enzulu:

• Sheol – Indawo yabafi.
• Isifuba sika-Abraham-indawo apho amaYuda angamalungisa anokulindela uvuko lwawo.
• Gehenna -indawo yempindezelo eNgcwele, kulandelwa mhlawumbi luvuko lwabafileyo, okanye
• Ukufa kweSibini - intshabalalo okanye imeko yokufa okusisigxina.

La magama asetyenziswa kwiimfundiso zikaYesu nabapostile, yaza yagqithiselwa kwiTestamente eNtsha yesiGrike: kodwa umfundi makaqaphele ukuba iintsingiselo zabo zeNT zezo zichazwa nguYesu; kwaye imiba ethile yahluke ngokuphawulekayo kumadlelane awo angamaYuda. Ezinye iinguqulelo ezindala zesiNgesi, njenge 'Gunyaziweyo’ (okanye ‘uKing James’) Inguqulelo, ekhetha ukungawagcini amagama amaJuda ka ‘Sheol‘ yaye ‘Gehenna‘ – endaweni yoko sebenzisa igama elinye, ‘isihogo,’ kuzo zombini - ngelixa uninzi lweenguqulelo zesiNgesi zanamhlanje ziwagcina amagama esiJuda. Zombini ezi ndlela zineengxaki zazo, njengoko abafundi bethanda ukutolika la magama ngokwendlela yamaYuda, Izithethe zamaGrike nezinye izithethe ezisenokuba zahluke ngokupheleleyo kwimfundiso kaYesu ngokwakhe.

Ngoko siza kuqala ngokujonga kuYesu’ unyango lwezi zifundo…

Sheol kunye neNdlela ka-Abraham

Kumzekeliso wesityebi noLazaro, UYesu uthetha ngayo Sheol (IsiGrike: ‘Hades').

Kwathi, wafa umngqibi lowo, nokokuba wathwalwa zizithunywa zezulu, wasiwa esifubeni sika-Abraham. Safa ke nesityebi, wangcwatywa. EHadesi, wawaphakamisa amehlo akhe, ukuba sentuthumbo (G931), wambona uAbraham ekude, noLazaro ngasesifubeni sakhe. Wakhala wathi, ‘UBawo uAbraham, ndenzele inceba, athumele uLazaro, ukuze athi nkxu incam yomnwe wakhe emanzini, ndipholise ulwimi lwam! Ngokuba ndibandezelekile; (G3600) kweli dangatye (G5395).’ “Wathi uAbraham, 'Unyana, khumbula ukuba wena, ebomini bakho, uzifumene izinto zakho ezilungileyo, noLazaro, ngendlela efanayo, izinto ezimbi. Ngoku ke uyathuthuzelwa, wena ke uyathuthunjelwa (G3600). Ngaphandle kwayo yonke le nto, phakathi kwethu nawe kukho umsantsa omkhulu olungisiweyo, ukuze aba bathanda ukuphumela, besuka apha besiya kuni, abanako, kungabikho bani uwelayo, eze kuthi.’ “Uthe, Ndiyanibuza ke ngoko, utata, ukuba umthumele endlwini kabawo; kuba ndinabazalwana abahlanu, ukuze abangqine kubo, ukuze bangangeni nabo kule ndawo yentuthumbo (G931).’ “Wathi uAbraham kuye, ‘BanoMoses nabaprofeti. Mabaphulaphule bona.’ “Uthe, 'Hayi, ubawo uAbraham, ukuba kuthe kwaya kubo ovela kwabafileyo, baya kuguquka.’ “Wathi kuye, ‘Ukuba abammameli uMoses nabaprofeti, abayi koyiseka, ukuba kuthe kwavuka bani kwabafileyo.’ ” (Lk 16:22-31)

Phawula ezi ngongoma zilandelayo:

• Abazalwana besityebi basaphila; ngoko uYesu uchaza oko kwenzeka emntwini kamsinya nje emva kokuba efile kunokuba kwenzeke kumgwebo wokugqibela wehlabathi lonke..
• Asinguye wonke umntu oya eHadesi. Sixelelwa ukuba uLazaro, owakhe waphathwa kakubi ebomini, usiwa ‘esifubeni sika-Abraham,’ apho athuthuzelwa khona.
• Kodwa iimpatho ezahlukeneyo zala madoda mabini, kwanangaphambi komgwebo wokugqibela kaThixo, ityhila into ebalulekileyo ngesimilo sikaThixo. Akafuni ukuba okungekho sikweni kwehlabathi kuqhubeke ixesha elide kunokuba kuyimfuneko; ke, kwanangaphambi kokuba isigwebo sakhe sokugqibela siphunyezwe, uqalise ukubathuthuzela abaxhwalekileyo, abaphindezele abanetyala.
• Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba wonke umntu oye waphathwa kakubi ebomini uyakhululwa ngokuzenzekelayo eHadesi? Okanye uLazaro wathatyathelwa esifubeni sika-Abraham ngenxa, nangona yonke into, wahlala engumYuda ozinikeleyo? Akukho namnye umbuzo ophendulwa ngokucacileyo; kuba ayisiyiyo eyona ngongoma yalo mzekeliso.
• Owona mbandela ubalulekileyo ngowokuba isityebi sasiphila kubunewunewu bokungakhathali kwiimfuno zabo babesingqongileyo.. Oku kwenzeka nangona kunjalo wonke umYuda wayefundiswe kwasebuntwaneni ukuba ihambo enjalo ayamkelekanga kuThixo.¹ Ingxoxo yesityebi yaba, ’ Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba abantu babesazi ngokwenene ukuba oko kufundiswa yiBhayibhile kuyinyaniso, emva koko babeza kwenza into elungileyo.’ Kodwa uYesu isixelela ukuba impendulo ibisithi akukho bungakanani bobungqina buya kuyicombulula ingxaki ukuba abantu abafuni ngokwenene ukuphulaphula. Yithathele ingqalelo le ngongoma. Siza kubuyela kuyo kamva.

Kwisicatshulwa esicatshulwe ngasentla uya kube uqaphele ukuba amanye amagama alandelwa ngamanani kwizibiyeli aqala ngo-'G'. Ezi zaziwa njenge “Amanani anamandla.”² Abo bano 'G’ Isimaphambili sisetyenziselwa ukuchonga amagama athile kumbhalo wesiGrike, nokuba ziguqulelwe njani na. Ndifuna ukutsalela ingqalelo yakho 3 amagama athile asetyenziswe kwesi sicatshulwa:

• intlungu (G3600). Eli gama lifunyenwe 4 amaxesha kwi-N.T. kwaye kuphela kwimibhalo kaLuka; kabini apha, plus Lk 2:48 yaye Acts 20:38. Kwiimeko ezimbini zokugqibela, Umongo wenza kucace ukuba uLuka usebenzisa eli gama ngengqiqo yokubandezeleka kwengqondo, okanye ukuba buhlungu, kunokuba intlungu emzimbeni. Oku kuqinisekiswa ngokuphonononga ukusetyenziswa kwegama elifanayo kwinguqulelo yesiGrike yeSeptuagint yeTestamente eNdala.
• intuthumbo (G931). Oku kufumaneka kuphela 3 amaxesha kwi-N.T.; kabini kulo mzekeliso (Lk 16:23,28) kwaye kwi Mt 4:24. Le yokugqibela yenzeka kwinkcazo yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphazamiseka kwabantu – isifo, ukubanjwa ‘ziimbandezelo’, ukuba needemon, impambano kunye nokukhubazeka. Nazi 11 eminye imizekelo yeli gama lisetyenziswa kwiSeptuagint O.T.: 4 amaxesha phakathi 1Samuel 6:3-17 ukubhekisela ‘kumnikelo wetyala’ eyenziwe ngamaFilisti; ngaphakathi Ezekiel 3:20 & 7:19 iguqulela isiHebhere ngokuthi ‘isikhubekiso’; ngaphakathi Ezekiel 12:18 IsiHebhere sithetha ukungcangcazela okanye ukungcangcazela; kwaye kwi Ezekiel 16:52,54 & 32:24,30 ngenxa yehlazo okanye ihlazo. Yonke imizekelo yeSeptuagint ithetha ngoluvo lokuba abantu basiwe kwinqanaba lokuziphindezela malunga netyala kunye nehlazo labo.. Oku kukwavakala kakuhle kumxholo walo mzekeliso; kwaye ngaphakathi Mt 4:24, njengobukrakra obungasonjululwanga, ukuziva unetyala kunye neentloni kudala zibonwa njengoonobangela beengxaki ezininzi zengqondo nomzimba (ewe. Pro 17:22). Ngokucacileyo, Akukho nalinye kula mava ebemnandi nangayiphi na indlela kwaye kwezinye iimeko anokuba nentlungu engathethekiyo emzimbeni: kodwa, njengentlungu, asiyiyo eyona ntsingiselo yeli gama leyo.
• ilangatye (G5395). Eli gama lithetha ukudangala kokukhanya. Ngokuqhelekileyo libhekisela kwidangatye lomlilo; nangona ingelilo ilangatye lokoqobo. (KwiSeptuagint inguqulelo ethi Judges 3:22 ide iguqulele isiHebhere njengencakuba ekhazimliswe kakhulu yemela: nangona loo nto ikhethekile.) Kuyaphawuleka ukuba eli gama lisetyenziswa 7 amaxesha kwi-N.T.; nakuzo zonke 6 kwezinye iimeko ifaneleka ngokucacileyo ngegama, ‘umlilo’ - nangona ngaphakathi 4 kwezi (Heb 1:7; Rev 1:14; 2:18 & 19:12) kubonakala ngathi luthelekiso olubonwayo okanye olusisikweko. Kodwa kule nqaku (phezu kwako nje oko kuthethwa ngezinye iinguqulelo) ‘umlilo’ akukhankanywanga - kuphela ubushushu nonxano. Ke kunokubakho izizathu ezivakalayo zokuphikisa ukuba ilangatye apha linokuba lingekho ngokwasemzimbeni, njengobushushu obudangazelayo nokukhanya kobungcwele bukaThixo, ukuveza isono nehlazo lendoda (yabona Jn 3:19-20).

Kodwa khumbula ukuba le nto sijongene nayo apha lixesha elingaphambi komgwebo wokugqibela kaThixo. Ngoko uthini uYesu ngoko kwenzekayo emva koko?

IGehena

Sele sinayo kuphawuliwe ukuba ngenkulungwane yokuqala ngaphambi kweXesha Eliqhelekileyo yayiluqheliselo oluqhelekileyo lwamaYuda ukukhapha ufundo lwasesidlangalaleni lwezibhalo zesiHebhere kunye nendinyana ngevesi ecacisa ingcaciso yesiAramiki.. the ‘Targum Jonathan‘³ inikela iinguqulelo ezifanelekileyo kwinkoliso yeencwadi zesiprofeto. Oku kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo ngokuphathelele kwindinyana yokugqibela kaIsaya:

“baya kuphuma baphume, uzibone izidumbu zamadoda akreqileyo kum: kuba iimpethu zabo aziyi kufa, nomlilo wabo awuyi kucinywa; yaye ziya kuba lizothe kuluntu lonke.” (Isa 66:24)

ITargum ikwenza oku ngolu hlobo:

Kwaye baya kuphuma, akhangele kwizidumbu zamadoda, aboni, bakreqile elizwini lam: ngokuba umphefumlo wabo awusayi kufa, nomlilo wabo awuyi kucima; nabangendawo baya kugwetywa esihogweni, ade athethe amalungisa ngabo, sibone ngokwaneleyo.

Elona gama lixakayo, ‘umbungu’ itolikwa ‘njengemiphefumlo,’ ngaloo ndlela ecebisa ukuba ‘imiphefumlo’ musani ukufa; kunye nebinzana elichazayo, ‘ abangendawo baya kugwetywa Gehenna‘ yongezwa. Ekugqibeleni, ibinzana lokugqibela lihlonyelwe ukubonisa ukuba isohlwayo sesexesha elilinganiselweyo. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, Isithethe samaYuda sanamhlanje sithatha imbono yokuba elona xesha liphezulu elichithwe kulo Gehenna ayikho ngaphezu 12 iinyanga.

Nangona kunjalo, UMarko ubhala ngoYesu ecaphula kwaesi siprofeto sikaIsaya:

Ukuba isandla sakho siyakukhubekisa, yinqumle. kukulungele ukuba ungene ebomini usisilima, kunokuba ube nezandla zozibini ukuya eGehena, kokungacimekiyo (G762) umlilo (G4442), ‘apho intshulube yabo (G4663) ayifi (G5053), kunye nomlilo (G4442) ayicinywa (G4570).’ Ukuba unyawo lwakho luya kukhubekisa, yinqumle. kulunge kanye ukuba ungene ebomini usisiqhwala, kunokuba iinyawo zakho zombini uphoswe eGehena, emlilweni (G4442) yona ayisayi kucinywa (G762) – ‘apho intshulube yabo (G4663) ayifi (G5053), kunye nomlilo (G4442) ayicinywa (G4570).’ Ukuba iliso lakho liya kukhubekisa, yikhuphe. kukulungele kanye ukungena ebukumkanini bukaThixo unaliso linye, kunokuba uthi, unamehlo amabini, uphoswe esihogweni somlilo (G4442), ‘apho intshulube yabo (G4663) ayifi (G5053), kunye nomlilo (G4442) ayicinywa (G4570).’ (Mar 9:43-48)

Abafundi bakaYesu babengengobaphengululi abangamaHebhere (Acts 4:13); yaye ngoko kusenokwenzeka ukuba uqhelene ngakumbi namagama eTargum kunesiHebhere santlandlolo. Kodwa, ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuba uyachaza ‘Gehenna,’ UYesu unamathela kumazwi antlandlolo kaIsaya, ‘iimpethu zabo azifi, nomlilo awucinywa.’ Ukwasishiya nesiphelo sale vesi; singaxubushi isimo sengqondo sabanye: kodwa ungenzi nzame ukucebisa ukuba kukho nawuphi na umda kwixesha layo.

Ukujonga iintsingiselo zamagama aphawulweyo, sinokuphawula oku kulandelayo:

• umlilo (G4442). Eli ligama eliqhelekileyo lesiGrike elithetha phantse naluphi na uhlobo lomlilo, kwaye iya kuhlala iqondwa ngolo hlobo ngaphandle kokuba iguqulwe ngomxholo wayo (ewe. ‘umlilo ovela ezulwini’ inokutolikwa ‘njengombane’).
• engacimekiyo (G762) wacima(G4570). U-G762 sisichazi esilandulayo esakhiwe kwisenzi, G4570 ; ngoko kuzo zombini ezi meko uYesu ubethelela into yokuba uhlobo lomlilo lukukuba awunako kwaye awuyi kucinywa. Oko kugxininiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuyenza icace into yokuba uYesu ufuna sazi ukuba lo mlilo unamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo kwaye ungunaphakade.. (Yaye imele yoyike kakhulu, njengoko kugxininiswa kumanyathelo okuphepha aqatha acetyiswa nguYesu ngokwakhe.)
• umbungu (G4663). Igama lesiGrike elisetyenziswe apha nakwinguqulelo yeSeptuagint ye Is 66:24 inokuguqulelwa ngokuthi ‘impethu,’ ‘umgquba’ okanye ‘umbungu womhlaba:’ soze ‘umphefumlo.’ Kodwa kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, isiHebhere santlandlolo se Is 66:24, endaweni yokusebenzisa igama jikelele legrub, impethu okanye umbungu (H7415), usebenzisa igama elikhethekileyo: “tole’ah” (H8438). Oku kuguqulela njengegama nokuba luhlobo oluthile lwegrub ('igrub ebomvu', Kermes (or coccus) ilicis) nokuba yingubo ebomvu, nemfusa ebomvu, ephuma kuyo. Ekubeni i-G4663 ligama eliqhelekileyo elithi 'grub’ kuyabonakala ukuba yigrub ngokwayo, kunombala nje, oko kujoliswe kuko. Kodwa igama lesiHebhere elikhethekileyo lichaza isinambuzane esidla ngokutya iintlobo ezithile zomthi wom-oki, kunokuba inyama ebolileyo. Imazi inamathela kwiziqu ze-oki okanye emagqabini, ukwenza into engathi yinyongo ebomvu edumbileyo; umzimba wayo osebenza njengekhaka eliphilayo kumantshontsho alo de aqandusele aze ekugqibeleni adle unina. Idayi ebomvu ekhutshwa ngumama yomelele kangangokuba ifaka umbala kumagqabi, amasetyana amatsha kunye namaqunube ngokwawo; eziqokelelwa zomiswe.
• fa (G5053). Kuzo zonke ezinye ze 12 N.T. Iziganeko ezibonisa ukufa kwebhayoloji: nangona mhlawumbi inokusetyenziswa apha ngendlela efuziselayo; ngakumbi ukuba itolikwa njengemela ityala lesono esingaxolelekiyo.

Kodwa phawula oko, kanye njengokuba umlilo uboniswa njengongenasiphelo, unjalo ke nomfanekiso olizothe wala magwebu abomvu-gazi agquma nayiphi na intsalela yaboni. Yaye asixelelwa ukuba sinokunyamezela njani ngaphandle kwepetroli okanye ukutya. Thina siyazi ukuba uMoses’ ityholo latsha lingatsha. Kodwa ezi grubs kuthiwa zitya ntoni? Siza kubuyela kulo mbuzo kamva.

Ngenxa yokuzaliseka, Ndiza kukhankanya ngokufutshane ezi ndinyana zilandelayo ezinxulumeneyo:

• Mat 18:6-9 ibonakala iluguqulelo olufinyeziweyo lwencoko yababini enye njenge Mark 9:43-48. Oku phantse ngokuqinisekileyo lunikezelo oluzimeleyo lwencoko efanayo. Umxholo (kubangela ukuba abantwana balahlekane) iyafana, njengoko ivesi (Isa 66:24) ukuba uYesu ucaphula. Kodwa, apho Mark 9:43,45 uthetha ngayo, ‘umlilo ongacimiyo,’ UMateyu uyibiza ngokuba ‘ngonaphakade (G166) umlilo'. Eli gama lesiGrike ‘aionios‘ ngokuqhelekileyo iguqulelwa ngokuthi ‘ngonaphakade’ okanye ‘ongunaphakade:’ kodwa abanye baphikisa ngelithi ifanele inikwe, ‘ayeon’ okanye, ‘ubude bexesha.’ Siza kuxubusha oku ngokubanzi ngokukhawuleza.
• Mat 5:29-30 luguqulelo olufinyeziweyo kakhulu koku kungasentla: kodwa ifumaneka kwiNtshumayelo yaseNtabeni.
• Mat 23:33 ucaphula uYesu’ amazwi kubabhali nabaFarisi: ‘Zinyokandini, Nzalandini yamarhamba, nothini na ukuwusaba umgwebo? (G2920) kweGehena?’ Eli gama lesiGrike ‘krisis,’ ibonisa ukuba iGehena yindawo yokuphunyezwa kokusesikweni; kwaye uYesu uyenza icace into yokuba ubuJuda babo nokulunga kwabo akunakubakhulula kwisohlwayo sabo..

Ukufa Kwesibini

“Musani ukuboyika abo babulalayo (G615) umzimba, kodwa abanako ukubulala (G615) umphefumlo. Endaweni yoko, yoyikani lowo unako ukutshabalalisa (G622) kokubini umphefumlo nomzimba eGehena.” (Mat 10:28)

Nangona uYesu engazange alisebenzise ngokungqalileyo eli binzana, ‘ukufa kwesibini,’ ebudeni bobulungiseleli bakhe basemhlabeni, le mbekiselo ingasentla ibonisa ukuba, ekucingeni kwakhe, oku kwakunxulunyaniswa nesohlwayo seGehena. G615, ‘apokteino,’ ngokuqhelekileyo kuthetha ‘ukubulala’ okanye, ngakumbi ngokoqobo, ‘ukuphelisa ngokunqunyulwa ebomini;’ nangona ingekuko ukutshabalalisa nantoni na eseleyo. Kodwa G622, ‘apollumi,’ kuthetha ‘ukuphelisa ngesenzo sentshabalalo.’ Kwakhona, siza kuxubusha oku ngakumbi kamva.

Ukuzisola okukrakra kuMlilo wobumnyama obungaphandle

Qwalasela la mazwi alandelayo kaYesu acatshulwe nguMateyu noLuka:

Mat 8:11-12 Ndithi ke kuni, baninzi abaya kuza bevela empumalanga nasentshonalanga, kwaye ndiya kuhlala phantsi noAbraham, uIsake, noYakobi ebukumkanini bamazulu, kodwa abantwana bobukumkani baya kukhutshelwa ngaphandle (G1544) ngaphandle (G1857) ubumnyama (G4655). Pha (G1563) kuya kuba kukulila nokutshixiza kwamazinyo.

Luk 13:28 Pha (G1563) kuya kuba kukulila nokutshixiza kwamazinyo, xa nithe nabona uAbraham, noIsake, noYakobi, nabo bonke abaprofeti, ebukumkanini bukaThixo, nityhale nina (G1544) ngaphandle (G1854).

UYesu uthetha namaYuda, yinzala ka-Abraham, uIsake noYakobi; umbono wakhe wexesha elizayo wawungowokuza kukaMesiya, yinzala yokumkani wabo uDavide, ukumisa ubukumkani bukaThixo emhlabeni. Njenge, babezibona ‘njengabantwana boBukumkani.’ Phawula ngakumbi ezi ngongoma zilandelayo:

• Okokuqala, UYesu ubanika isilumkiso esiqatha sokuba eneneni basengozini enkulu yokuchaswa ngenkani. I-G1544 ngokwenyani ithetha 'ukuphosa ... ngaphandle'; kodwa ukuba oko bekungacacanga ngokwaneleyo, ULuka wongeza ngokucacileyo iG1854 ('kude ne').
• Okwesibini, uyichaza le ndawo ‘njengengaphandle (G1857) ubumnyama (G4655)’. I-G1857 yi-compound ye-G1854, kwakhona egxininisa ingcamango yokwaliwa kunye nokwahlukana. G4655, ‘ubumnyama,’ ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziswa ngengqiqo ‘yokufihlakala’: kodwa kwiN.T. ngokuqhelekileyo ichazwa njengokungabikho kokukhanya ngokwenyama okanye ngokokuziphatha.
• Okwesithathu, wenza kucace ukuba amava anjalo aya kubangela ubukrakra, ukuzisola kwabo bakhatywayo ngale ndlela, njengoko kubonisiwe libinzana, ‘ukulila nokutshixiza kwamazinyo.’ Ukutshixiza amazinyo ngokwesithethe sabo kwakuyimbonakaliso yobukrakra obugqithiseleyo (okanye nomsindo – Acts 7:54).
• Ekugqibeleni, Qaphela ukuba ixesha, 'Pha (G1563)’, Asilogama nje elicingelwayo okanye elenzekayo: ibonisa indawo ethile, ummandla ongaphandle apho abo bakhatywayo baye bathunyelwa khona.

Kukho iimbekiselo ezine ezingakumbi kuMateyu ezithetha kumazwi kaYesu aphinda lo mxholo ‘wokukhala nokutshixiza kwamazinyo’:

Mat 13:40-42 Njengokuba ngoko ubuthwa umdiza, utshiswe (G2618) ngomlilo (G4442); kuya kuba njalo ekuphelisweni kweli phakade (G165). UNyana woMntu uya kuthuma izithunywa zakhe;, yaye baya kuhlanganisa baphume ebukumkanini bakhe zonke izinto ezikhubekisayo, nabo benza ubutshinga, zibaphose ezikweni lomlilo (G4442). Pha (G1563) kuya kuba kukulila nokutshixiza kwamazinyo.

Mat 13:49-50 Kuya kuba njalo ekupheleni kwehlabathi (G165). Iingelosi ziya kuphuma, ubahlule abangendawo phakathi kwamalungisa, zibaphose ezikweni lomlilo (G4442). Pha (G1563) kuya kuba kukulila nokutshixiza kwamazinyo.

Mat 22:13 Wathi ukumkani kubakhonzi, ‘Mbophe izandla neenyawo, msuse, kwaye ukuphosa (G1544) kuye ngaphandle (G1857) ubumnyama (G4655); Pha (G1563) kulapho kuya kubakho ukulila nokutshixiza kwamazinyo.’

Mat 25:30 Jula ngaphandle (G1544) umkhonzi ongancedi lutho ukuya ngaphandle (G1857) ubumnyama (G4655), apho apho (G1563) kuya kuba kukulila nokutshixiza kwamazinyo.’

Kwezi singathabatha ezi ngongoma zongezelelekileyo zilandelayo:

• Kubonakala ngathi zonke ezi ndinyana zibhekisela kwindawo enye, apho kuya kubakho ukulila nokutshixiza kwamazinyo.’
• Ukuba zonke zibhekisa kwindawo enye, kwandule ke eli ‘ziko lomlilo’ kubumnyama bangaphandle’ kufuneka iqhutywe ngumlilo ongaqhelekanga: kodwa uhlobo oluthile lomlilo omnyama ongakhuphi kukhanya.
• Xa ukhula lomdiza ‘lutshiswa (G2618) ngomlilo (G4442),’ I-G2618 ithetha ‘ukutshiswa,’ (oko kukuthi. ukuze kungasali nto ngaphandle kothuthu). Ngoko ke akukho ngqiqweni ukubuza ukuba intshabalalo efanayo inokunikelwa na kwabo baphoswa ‘ezikweni lomlilo. (G4442)’. Oku siza kukuqwalasela ngakumbi kamva.
• Zombini iireferensi kwi Matthew 13:24-50 zisuka kwimizekeliso echaza iziganeko ekupheleni kwexesha/ihlabathi. Igama lesiNgesi, 'aye,’ ekuqaleni yayiyinguqulelo yegama lesiGrike elithi ‘aion’ (G165)) kwaye ihlala isondele kakhulu kuyo ngentsingiselo. Kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu, esiza kuxoxa ngayo ngokweenkcukacha Isihlomelo A.
• Umzekeliso kwi Matthew 22:2-14 kwakhona kubonakala kugxilwe kwiziganeko zexesha lokugqibela, echaza ngesidlo somtshato apho iindwendwe zokuqala zingamkelwa, kunye nomntu ongene emthendelekweni ngaphandle kwengubo yomsitho. (Ekubeni oku kwakusenziwa ngokwesiko ngumninimzi ekungeneni, kuthetha ukuba wayesikhabile isisa somninimzi okanye wazama ukuchwechwa ngenye indlela.)
• Kwelinye icala, Mat 25:14-30 ubalisa ngendlela umkhonzi olivila egxothwa ngayo ebumnyameni obungaphandle.
• Nangona ezi ndinyana zibonakala zibhekisa kwindawo enye, Okokugqibela 2 chaza iimeko ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba umkhonzi olivila ufumana ishwangusha elifanayo nelomntu ongendawo; okanye kunokwenzeka ukuba isiphumo sokugqibela sahlukile?

Funda uqhubeke …

Imibhalo esemazantsi

1. Funda, umzekelo, Lev 19:9-10, Deut 16:11-14, Job 31:16-22, I 58:4-11[/x].
2. La manani ahambelana namangeno akwiDictionary of Greek Words evela kuStrong’s Exhaustive Concordance nguJames Strong., S.T.D., LL.D.
3. ‘AmaKaledi amchaza ngenye indlela umprofeti uIsaya’ [nguYonatan b. Uziyeli] tr. nguC.W.H. UPauli, Indlu yoMbutho waseLondon, 1871, pg. 226. Indawo kawonke-wonke. Ifumaneka kwi Iincwadi zikaGoogle.