Ngaba Gospel Writers Khuphela ngasinye Okunye?

Ukwahluka kukaYohane

Ngokwe Ootata bamandulo baseCawa, UJohn wayeyivangeli yokugqibela ukuba abhalwe. Nangona kunjalo, Yahluke ngokupheleleyo kwabanye kwintshayelelo yayo yonke kunye nomxholo, Ukugxila kakhulu kwiincoko zabucala kwaye zinxulumene kuphela nemimangaliso ezimbalwa. Uninzi lwezi zahlukile kuYohane, Ukomeleza umbono wokuba ayifumaneki xa uMateyu, Phawula okanye uLuka wabhalwa.

Ukuphambuka ngokubanzi kwezinye iiVangeli kunokubonakala kungaqhelekanga, Kodwa koku kulandelayo:

• Njengombhali ogqabaza (John 21:25), Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zazo zonke iincwadi zeVangeli zibonisa kuphela inxalenye encinci kaYesu’ Inkonzo iyonke; Ke akukho sizathu sithile sokuba uYohane afanele asebenzise imizekelo efanayo.
• Kuyacaca ukuba ibanga ukuba iphinde ikhumbula umntu umfundi osondele kakhulu kuYesu kwiSidlo Sangokuhlwa (John 21:20). Ezinye izinto zimchonga njengoko John, Ngubani na onoPetros noJames baseke isangqa sabafundi (c.f. Uphawu 5:37, 9:2, 14:33); Wayebeke kakuhle ukuba anike ingxelo ngohlobo lwencoko yababini agxile kuyo.
• Eyona njongo iphambili kaJohn kukuchaza ukuba ngubani ngokwenene ngokwenene nokholo lwethu kuye luzisa ubomi obungenasiphelo (John 20:31). Oku kube nefuthe eliqinisekileyo kunye nokuboniswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.

Nangona oku kuyahluka kushiya asisiseko sokuthi gca uJohn wazinzisa iingxelo zangaphambili, Abaphengululi babedla ngokuphikisana nobunyani bayo ngokufaka ibango lokuba uninzi lweekhonsepthi zayo zolwazi zazingakhange zidityaniswe de kube yinkulungwane yesibini. Le nkcaso ngoku ivunyiwe ngokufunyanwa kweendinyana kwimigaqo yoLwandle loLwandle Olufileyo ezibonisa ezo zinto zinjalo zangoku ngeli xesha likaKristu (Nangona benganaso nayiphi na impahla ebonakala ngathi uYohane ucofe).

Umbuzo ohambelana

Kwelinye icala, Uhlalutyo loluhlobo lukaMateyu, UMarko noLuka babonisa izahlulo ezinkulu kakhulu ezifanayo, hayi kuphela kumxholo kodwa nolwimi olusetyenzisiweyo, ukuba kuvunyelwene ngokubanzi ukuba batsale kwimithombo eqhelekileyo yomthombo, nokuba yimlomo okanye ebhaliweyo: ngenxa yoko aba bathathu babizwa ngokuba 'yi-synoptic’ Iincwadi zeVangeli.

Izimvo ziye zahluka, nangona kunjalo, malunga nohlobo lwale ntweni. Kwelinye eli phepha siza kuhlolisisa ibango lokuba bayakha phezu kwaza banzuzo omnye komnye. Emva koko siya kuqhubeka siqwalasele isiphakamiso sokuba zonke iincwadi ezintathu zeVangeli zatsala kumthombo okanye imithombo yolwazi, kubandakanya ithiyori yoxwebhu olulahlekileyo olwaziwa ngokuba 'Q’.

Ngaba ababhali be-synoptic bakhankanya omnye komnye?

Intshayelelo kaLuka kwiincwadi zakhe zeVangeli uthi:

'Uninzi luye lwenze isigqibo sezinto ezizalisekileyo phakathi kwethu, Kanye njengoko babedluliselwe kuthi ngabo bakuqala babengamaNgqina okuzibonela kunye nabakhonzi beLizwi.’ Ke ngoko, Kuba mna ngokwam ndiziphande ngenyameko yonke into ukusuka ekuqaleni, Kwabonakala kulungile nakum ukuba ndibhale i-akhawunti yakho, Eyona nto ibalaseleyo ye-theophilus, ukuze ukwazi ukuqiniseka kwezinto ozifundisiweyo.’

Nangona kunjalo, Nangona uLuka uyavuma ubukho bezinye iirekhodi zikaYesu’ ubomi, Akathethi ngqo neencwadi zeVangeli zikaMarko okanye uMateyu. Inyaniso, Ngaphandle kokufana, Akukho kusalathiso ngqo kwiincwadi zeVangeli nakwabanye.

Ngaba uMakisha Ungumthombo?

Kuba uMarkos yeyona mifutshane yeencwadi zeVangeli, kwaye uninzi lwezinto zalo lufumaneka kuMateyu noLuka, Ihlala iphakanyisiwe ukuba uMarko abhalwa kuqala kwaye amanye amanqaku amabini asetyenzisiweyo njengomthombo. Zimbini iinkcaso eziphambili kule mbono, nangona kunjalo:

1. Njengoko kuphawuliwe kwenye indawo, ezimbini ze Ootata bamandulo baseCawa, I-papias kunye nerenauus, Chaza ukuba iVangeli kaMateyu yandulela uMarteno yaza yabhalwa ngesiAramiki okanye isiHebhere (Nangona kungekho mkhondo wale nguqulelo yoqobo ngoku uyaphila). I-skeptis disences yabo 'njengokucalula'; Kodwa kwizizathu zembali ukusondelelana kwawo kwimithombo yoqobo kuthetha ubungqina babo kufuneka kuthathwe kakhulu.
2. Ngaphandle kokufana kakhulu, Kukho umahluko othusayo phakathi kukaMarko kunye nezinye iincwadi zeVangeli. Ezinye iindinyana zivela KuMateyu bobabini nakuLuka, kodwa hayi eMark. Kukho izinto ezinqabileyo zezinto ezifumanekayo ezifumaneka kumanqaku (ewe. Uphawu 6:45-8:26; igama elithi igama 'lokuvula', Kuba kunzima kakhulu ukuchaza ukuba kutheni uLuka wayeya kuba ngaphandle kwevangeli yakhe). Kwaye, Nangona uninzi lwezinto ezibonakalayo kumanqaku zivela kuMateyu, Nokuba kukho izinto ezingalindelekanga, njenge-mk 4:26-9, 7:31-7 yaye 8:22-6, kunye nokwahluka okubhaliweyo. Inyaniso, Njengoko kunokuqatshelwa, Ezinye zezinto ezivela kwezi ndinyana ziyavela.

Iingxaki ezingakumbi

Ukubetha umahluko phakathi kukaMateyu noLuka kwenza ukuba kubekho kulungeleka okungaziboniyo nokuba bekuyibonile ivangeli enye ngexesha lokubhala. Umzekelo, Iiakhawunti ezimbini zokuvela ziphantse zibonakala ngathi ziyaphikisana kwezinye iindawo.

Kubonakala ngathi? Bayayenza!

Wayesazi ukuba nomsebenzi omnye, Akunakulindeleka ukuba kungabikho nzame ebezinokwenziwa ukuba zilungelelane zombini.

UMateyu noLuka bobabini banemifanekiso emininzi, kunye neeakhawunti ezithile zemimangaliso, oko akuveli kwenye. Kodwa apho izinto ziqhelekile kuzo zombini, Ihlala ifumaneka kumanqaku; Oko kuthetha ukuba ukufana kubangelwa sisixhobo somthombo ophantsi kwabo bonke ababhali abathathu bafumana, endaweni yokukhuphela enye.

Kufuphi, Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela endizama ngayo ukwakha ukuxhomekeka ekucingelwa kwiVangeli kwenye ivangeli kwenye yezinye iingxaki. Kukho iindinyana ezibonakala kuMark noLuka (Kodwa hayi uMattheti), UMateyu noLuka (kodwa hayi uphawu) kwaye uMateyu noMateyu (kodwa hayi uLuka).

Ngenxa yoko, Uninzi lwabaphengululi bayayithanda imbono yokuba zonke iincwadi zeVangeli zisekwe kwimithombo yangaphambili.

Buyela isihloko main.