Corroboration mai lē Kerisiano Punaoa

Faʻamolemole matau! O lenei itulau e ofoina atu se aotelega puʻupuʻu o le avanoa o loʻo avanoa. Kiliki le sootaga na saunia mo nisi auiliiliga. E aofia ai faʻamaoniga o le moni ma le faʻapopoleina o tusitusiga.

1. O le a le mea e tatau ona tatou faamoemoe e maua?

Manatua o loʻo matou vaʻai nei i mea e le kerisiano. O le a le ituaiga o tala faasolopito e tatau ona tatou sailia? Fai mai o Iesu o le Mesia, pe na ia toetu mai le oti? Mautinoa e le! E le o le au Kerisiano. Na feteenai ma Iutaia, O manatu o Roma ma Eleni. O lea tatou te faʻamoemoe o le au tusitala faʻa-Kerisiano o le a le faʻatagaina.

E le i iai ni tusitusiga mai fafo mai le taimi o Iesu. O lea e tatau ona tatou faalagolago i luga o punavai mai le taimi mulimuli ina ua mavae Iesu. O nisi o nei tusitusiga talanoa e uiga ia Iesu. Na o nai. Ae o le numera o latou e pei ona faamoemoeina. Ma o mea latou te fai mai e le le mautonu.

O le mastus ma Joses o lua o le sili o le sili. O tusitusiga e faʻailoa mai e moni. O tusitala uma e lauiloa e siaki ma le faaeteete o latou mea moni.

I le taimi ua tuanaʻi sa iai isi faʻailoga. O o latou manatu o loʻo talanoaina i le taimi mulimuli ane Kerisiano Kerisiano. Ae o uluai tusitusiga na leiloa.

O nei mea uma o le a talanoaina muamua i lalo. O le a matou talanoaina foi nisi taimi mulimuli ane ma tagata Iutaia ma Iutaia.

2. Saistus.

O sivive o se tusitala Roma ma tagata lautele o le tala a le lautele na soifua mai e uiga i le 55-120. O ia e iloa o se tasi o sili ona lelei tusitala o lena era. Na ia talanoa e uiga i le afi o Roma i le 64ce. Ona ia fai mai lea:

“Consequently, to get rid of the report, Nero fastened the guilt and inflicted the most exquisite tortures on a class hated for their abominations, called Christians by the populace. Christus, from whom the name had its origin, suffered the extreme penalty during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of one of our procurators, Pontius Pilatus, and a most mischievous superstition, thus checked for the moment, again broke out not only in Judaea, the first source of the evil, but even in Rome, where all things hideous and shameful from every part of the world find their centre and become popular.” (Annals 15.44.)

“Na manaʻo Nero e le pisa le tautala. O lea na ia tuua ai se vaega valaauina “Kerisiano”. Na ia faatonuina i latou e sauaina. Tagata inoino i Kerisiano ona o latou amioga le mautonu. O lo latou igoa e sau mai 'Keriso.’ O lenei alii na fasiotia i le taimi o le tupua o Tibeus. Na faʻatonuina e le Pontius Pilato, Le Kovana. O le faafafasi o le faaletonu e taofi mo se taimi: Ae na toe amata. Ae le gata i lea na muamua amata i Justa. Nei i Roma foi. Tele amioga mataga ma mea mataga mai le lalolagi tafe i lenei taulaga. Ma ua avea i latou ma lauiloa.”

3. Flevuus Joses.

Frevous Joseus na fanau mai ma 37ce. Na afio mai o ia mai se aiga Iutaia. Na ia valoia o le a avea ma o Versmesalan o le a avea ma Silisiliina o Roma. O lea na avea o ia ma atalii o Vensspasian ma e igoa ia Flovius. I lana tusi na ia faʻailoa ai le Iakopo o Iesu’ tuagane. E talanoa foi e faatatau iā Ioane le Papatiso. Ae o le sili lauiloa o le “Testimonium Flavianum“ (Molimau o flavius). E talanoaina ai Iesu lava ia. Most Scholars agree that some parts of this text were amended by a Christian commentator. But we can completely remove the suspicious parts. Almost every scholar agrees that the remaining text is written by Josephus. And it reads as follows:

“At this time there was Jesus, a wise man. For he was one who performed (surprising / wonderful) works, and a teacher of people who received the (truth / unusual) with pleasure. He stirred up both many Jews and many Greeks. And when Pilate condemned him to the cross, since he was accused by the leading men among us, those who had loved him from the first did not desist. And until now the tribe of Christians, so named from him, is not extinct.”

“At this time there was Jesus. He was a wise man. He did surprising things. He taught the kind of person who likes new ideas. Jesus stirred many Jews and many Greeks. Pilate condemned Jesus to die on the cross. This was because of charges made against him by our leaders. But those who loved him from the first did not stop. And until now the tribe of Christians, named after him, is not extinct.”

4. Citations taken from lost books.

Christian leaders during the second and third centuries are sometimes called ‘Early Church Fathers’. E masani ona latou sii mai i tusitusiga muamua. Ae o nisi o tusitusiga muamua ua leiloa. O lea e na ona tatou iloa le mea na taʻu mai ai ia te i matou. O faʻataʻitaʻiga o:

• O le tusi na tusia e Justin Martyy ma auina atu i le Emperorororororor Antonius. Na ia faasino i le aloaia tala o 'PonTInus Platoge's taga'. Fai mai o ia na faamautu ai e lenei pepa pepa na faia e Iesu vavega. Poo ai foi le faamatalaina o le auala na maliu ai Iesu.
• Sa i ai le tusitala o taua ‘Thallus‘. Sa nofo i le uluaʻi senituri. Ina ua maliu Iesu, Ua pogisa le lagi. 'Thallus’ fai mai o se la le la. Julius Aferika lipotia lenei manatu. Ae o Julius faamatala mafuaaga e sese ai.
• Phelegan o se tusitala o le na nonofo i le seneturi lona lua. Julius Aferika o loo i ai. O le Theologlian Origen na taua foi o ia. Ua faʻamatala e le Phlegon se pouliuli e le masani ai ma se mafuie tele. Na iloa e Phlegon na valoia e Iesu mea na tutupu i le lumanaʻi.

5. Isi South Chieco-Roma Punaoa.

O le upu laititi na pulea Brthninia i le 112ce. Na ia tusia se tusi i le Emeperoa Trajan. E i ai le matou kopi atoa o le tusi a le vely. E iai foʻi le tali a le Emeperoa. Ua sauaina Kerisiano. Ua fasiotia e le pine o latou. Na ia fesili ai: “Afai e teena e le tagata Iesu – o le a se mea oute faia?” E toatele tagata ua avea ma 'aulotu. O lea na te popole.

Lucian o se tusitala satiric mai i Samoa. I le 170ce na ia tusia e uiga i se tamaloa e igoa ia Pegyrinus. Peterinrinus o se taufaasese. Mo se taimi umi na ia faafoliga o se Kerisiano. Na talitonuina e le au Kerisiano ma agaalofa. Na te matapeʻapeʻa: o lea na e tamaoaiga i o latou faatauga. “O nei tagata e taufaasese, e te vaai. Ua latou faatalitonu i latou lava o le a latou ola e faavavau. E faʻamatala ai lo latou faʻalumaina o le oti. Ma e masani lava ona latou ositaulagaina ma le naunautai i latou mo le tasi. … mai le taimi latou te 'liua', Latou te faafitia atua o Eleni, Latou te ofoina atu tapuaiga i le 'poto tasi’ o le na faasatauroina, ma ola e tusa ma ana poloaiga, O i latou uma o uso.”

6. Rabbbinic tusitusiga.

Na tusia e Rub Rabbis ni manatu mataga e uiga ia Iesu. Sa le fiafia Kerisiano. Matou te iloa o le tele o nei faʻamatalaga ua leiloa. Ae o le tele o sikola e malilie o nisi o mea moni o loʻo iai pea. O le toʻatele o Kerisiano ma Iutaia na te iloa mea nei:

• O se faamalamalamaga o Le Aufaloloa o Iesu. ('Papelonia Tale Mumu', fe. 43a.) Na tusia lea i le Tanunitic vaitaimi. (70-2001).
• Se talanoaga i le va o se soo o Iesu ma le Iutaia, (60-951). ('Papelonia Tale Mumu', Aboduh Zarah 165, 17a.)/('ToseftA', Iulili 2.24.) Tusia i le Tanunitic vaitaimi.
• O nisi taimi e le tautala atu ai tagata ia Iesu’ igoa. Ae latou fai mai mea pei o lenei: "O lena tagata faapitoa o le fafine noa o se mulivae." ('Mishna', Oobumoth 4.13.) O le failauga ola e uiga i le 100ce.
• O loo faamatala e Iesu o nisi taimi “Iesu, le atalii o Pantera“. (O nisi fai mai o lena 'pantera’ o le igoa o le tama matua. O isi fai mai 'pantera’ o se fitafita Roma. Ua fautua mai isi o se mea ula e uiga ia Iesu’ Virgin Great.) O le tala e tasi e faamatala ai se rabi o le oka e fai e se gata. Fai mai le tamaloa e mafai ona ia faamaloloina le rapi. Ae na o le mea na mafai ona ia faia i le suafa o Iesu. ('Papelonia Tale Mumu', Aboduh Zarah 27B. Maua foi i totonu 4 isi nofoaga.) O lenei mea na tupu muamua i luma o le 132.

7. Faʻamatalaga e mafai ona faʻamaonia.

O tusitusiga Kerisiano e aofia ai le tele o tala faasolopito, aganuu ma le lotoifale faamatalaga. E 150ce tulaga i Isaraelu na matua ese lava. Tele Kerisiano o le a le iloa e uiga i tuutuuga i le taimi o Iesu. O lea e mafai ona tatou siakiina le moni o le faamatalaga. Ua uma ona matou talanoaina lenei.

Fa'ai'uga

Na matou faʻamatalaina e le o ni tusitala e le kerisiano o le a le faʻatagaina. O le mea tonu lena matou te maua.

Ae o nei tusitusiga e faʻamaonia ai le tele o mea taua. O Josephus ma Mastic e lua o tusitala sili ona lelei. E i ai a matou tusitala-faa-Kerisiano mai le muamua ma le lona lua seneturi. Latou te folafolaina mea taua o talafaasolopito o talafaasolopito e uiga i le olaga ma le oti o Iesu. Latou te taʻu mai ia matou igoa o ana temoni. Latou talanoa e uiga i le Ekalesia na amata e Iesu. Na tuuaia e le tagata Iutaia Rabbis le alofa faataulaitu. O loo latou folafola na faia e Iesu vavega.

E iai se isi mea e foliga mai foi mai nei ma isi tusitusiga mulimuli ane. Mo le tele o seneturi, Iesu’ E leʻi faafitia e fili le tala faʻasolopito. O Evagelia o loʻo faʻamatala mai ai le mea saʻo ma ina ua fanau mai Iesu ma oti. Latou fai mai o ofisa o malo na fasiotia ma le iloa se tamaloa le sala. Latou te taʻu mai foʻi ia matou igoa o na e nafa. Iesu’ E le faafitia e fili nei mea. Nai lo lena, Faifai o latou tala o se tagata fouvale. Ma o Ana Iesu’ Ua talitonu nei tupulaga, o Iesu o se tagata moni talafaasolopito? Manino, sa latou faia.

O uluai tusitala e le-k-Kerisiano e seasea ona taʻua Iesu. O le mea lenei tatou te manatu. Ae ua lava. Latou fai mai o le ituaiga o mea na matou faamoemoeina e fai. Latou mai le faʻamaonia lelei. Ma latou faamautu mai le talafaasolopito o Iesu i tala atu o soo se masalosalo talafeagai. Taumafai e faafitia le talafaasolopito o Iesu e ese lava. O tali atu e maua ai le tele o le lagolago i tagata talavou.