Boma & Utumiki kuchokera kuchiyambi cha Chikiristu (pt2)

3. Dokoan, Kapena mtumiki (διακονος – madikoni)

3.1 Udindo wa Wantchitoyo

Sitipeza kugwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti 'dikoni’ mu Machitidwe, ngakhale limapezeka kangapo mu Makalata. Tanthauzo lake lalikulu ndi la ‘mtumiki.’ Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kufotokozera momwe boma likukhalira motsimikiza, monga onse amene amafuna utsogoleri mu mpingo woyamba anayenera kukhala atumiki poyamba (Mt 20:26, 23:11, Mk 9:35, 10:45). Motero Paulo akugwiritsa ntchito mawuwa kwa Yesu (Rom 15:8), yekha (2 Cor 3:6,6:4,11:23, Eph 3:7, Col 1:23,25), Apolo (1 Cor 3:5), Timoteyo (1 Thess 3:2), Tikiko (Eph 6:21), Epafra (Col 1:7) ndi Phebe (Rom 16:1).

Komabe, ndime monga Phil 1:1 ndipo makamaka 1 Tim 3:8-13 fotokozani momveka bwino kuti mawuwa anagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza malo enieni a mpingo.

3.2 Asanu ndi awiriwo

Kuwonekera koyamba kwa gawo lachiwiri lovomerezeka kuli mkati Acts 6:1-8, pamene asanu ndi awiriwo aikidwa kusamalira akazi amasiye. Unali chizolowezi chobweretsa zopereka kuti agawane pakati pa ophunzira “kwa atumwi’ mapazi” (Acts 4:35,37, 5:2). Komabe, mfundo yakuti kung’ung’udzako kunali kwa Ahebri onse (Acts 6:1), osati atumwi makamaka, pamodzi ndi mawu a Petro ‘sikwanzeru kuti tisiye mawu a Mulungu, ndi kutumikira matebulo’ (Acts 6:2) zimasonyeza kuti maudindo amenewa anali atapatsidwa mwamwayi kwa nthawi ndithu. Chenicheni chakuti iwo anaikidwa ‘kutumikira (διακονεω) matebulo', zikusonyeza kuti akadawonedwa ngati madikoni.

3.3 Madikoni ena

Monga taonera, mwanjira ina atsogoleri onse a mpingo anali madikoni, osati za Khristu kapena Uthenga Wabwino, koma wa mpingo (onani. Col 1:23,25). Kusiya maumboni osadziwika bwino, komabe, tikhoza kuzindikira awiri omwe amawoneka ngati madikoni ku mipingo yeniyeni:

Phebe, dikoni wa mpingo wa ku Kenkreya (Rom 16:1),

Epafra, dikoni wa mpingo wa ku Kolose (Col 1:7, 4:12).

Malo enieni a Tukiko ndi Timoteo sakufotokozedwa mopepuka.

3.4 Ntchito ndi ziyeneretso za madikoni

Mawu amene Paulo anagwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza Febe mu Aroma 16:2 kwenikweni amatanthauza ‘munthu amene wayima patsogolo,’ ndipo angatembenuzidwe monga onse aŵiri ‘mthandizi’ ndi 'mtetezi.’ Epafra akufotokozedwa kuti ‘akuyesetsa mwakhama m’mapemphero chifukwa cha inu, kuti mukaime angwiro ndi odzazidwa m’chifuniro chonse cha Mulungu’ ndi kukhala ndi ‘changu chochuluka chifukwa cha inu’ (Col 4:12-3). N'zoonekeratu, munthu uyu anali m’busa ndithu.

Asanu ndi awiriwo makamaka anali okhudzidwa ndi utumiki wosamalira zosoŵa zakuthupi za akazi amasiye ndipo samawoneka kuti anali ndi ulamuliro uliwonse wopitirira malire awo.. Komabe, kukula kwa utumiki wa Stefano kumasonyeza kuti ntchito yake inaperekanso mwayi wotumikira pamlingo wauzimu kwa iwo omwe anali ndi udindo wawo ndi kuteteza uthenga wabwino kwa otsutsa. (Acts 6:6-8).

Mu 1 Tim 3:13 Paulo ananena kuti ‘amene atumikira bwino (monga madikoni) apeze mbiri yabwino ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu m’chikhulupiriro chawo mwa Khristu Yesu.’ Choncho, ngakhale ntchito ya dikoni ndi ya mtumiki; sichiyenera kuwonedwa kukhala yolekezera ku utumiki wa zinthu zakuthupi.

Ziyeneretso zoperekedwa kwa madikoni ndi mabanja awo ndi Paulo mu 1 Tim 3:8-12 ali pafupifupi ofanana ndi oyang’anira a m’ndime zam’mbuyomo (1 Tim 3:2-7). Kwenikweni, ayenera kukhala omveka bwino m’chikhulupiriro chawo, iwo ndi akazi awo ayenera kukhala akhalidwe labwino ndipo moyo wawo wabanja uyenera kukhala wolongosoka.

Zina mwa zofunika za oyang'anira nzosasunthika, komabe. Oyang'anira sangakhale otembenuka posachedwapa (1 Tim 3:6): Madikoni akhoza kusankhidwa atatsimikiziridwa (1 Tim 3:10). Oyang’anira ankafunika kukhala ndi luso la kuphunzitsa (1 Tim 3:2): Madikoni amafunikira kokha kukhala wowona mtima, kumvetsetsa mozama za chikhulupiriro chawo (1 Tim 3:9). Oyang’anira ankayenera kuchereza alendo (1 Tim 3:2): ankaona kuti okhulupirira okhwima mwauzimu sangakhale okonzeka kulimbana ndi moyo wawo wapakhomo?

Zindikirani kuti, ngakhale omasulira ambiri a 1 Tim 3:8-12 kutanthauza kuti madikoni anali amuna nthawi zonse, Phebe anali mkazi (Rom 16:1). Mawu otembenuzidwa kuti ‘mkazi’ mu 1 Tim 3:11&12 kwenikweni amatanthauza ‘mkazi’ (mu AV, Mwachitsanzo, likumasuliridwa kuti ‘mkazi’ 92 nthawi ndi ‘mkazi’ 129 nthawi). Izi zikutanthauza, popeza otenga ‘zawo’ kwenikweni sichipezeka mu Chigriki, kuti mawu oyamba a 1 Tim 3:11 akhoza kumasuliridwa mofanana ngati, 'Akazi mofanana …'! Nkosangalatsa kudziŵa kuti palibe ndemanga yoteroyo m’mavesi oyambirira onena za ‘oyang’anira’ (1 Tim 3:2-7 – kuwona 5.6). Chimene chiri chotheka: kuti khalidwe la mkazi wa dikoni limakopa chidwi cha Paulo kuposa cha woyang’anira, kapena kuti iye anawonjezera ndemanga iyi chifukwa iye amasamala za amayi ena madikoni, monga Phebe?

4. NTHUMI ZA APOSTOLIC

Pali gulu limodzi la amuna omwe ndi ovuta kuwayika kukhala atumwi, akulu kapena madikoni. Awa adasankhidwa ndi atumwi kuti azigwira ntchito zoyang'anira ena mwa mipingo yatsopano, kawirikawiri kwa nthawi yochepa.

4.1 Mphela

Mu Acts 11:19-26 timawerenga za Barnaba akutumizidwa kuchokera ku Yerusalemu kupita ku mpingo watsopano wa ku Antiokeya. Sizikudziwika kuti udindo wake unali wotani panthawiyi; popeza satchedwa konse mkulu kapena woyang’anira, ndiponso sanatchulidwe monga mtumwi kufikira pamene iye ndi Paulo anatumizidwa pa ulendo wawo woyamba waumishonale kuchokera ku Antiokeya.. Komabe, n’zoonekeratu kuti anapita ndi atumwiwo’ ndi kuti anatenga udindo wotsogolera mu mpingo kuyambira nthawi imene iye anafika.

4.2 Yudasi ndi Sila

Yudasi ndi Sila, akufotokozedwa kukhala ‘amuna otsogolera pakati pa abale’ (Acts 15:22) anatumizidwa ndi atumwi kukatsimikizira chigamulo chawo pa nkhani ya mdulidwe (Acts 15:25-7). Amuna onsewa anali aneneri (Acts 15:32). Zikuoneka kuti ntchito yawo inali yanthawi yochepa; koma zikuoneka kuti Sila yekha anaganiza zotsalira ku Antiokeya (Acts 15:34 – ngakhale kuti ndimeyi ilibe m’mipukutu ina).

4.3 Timoteyo, Tito et al.

Paulo nthawi zambiri ankasiya amuna osankhidwa kwa nthawi yochepa kuti aziyang'anira mipingo yatsopano ndi yomwe ikukula (Acts 17:14-5 & 18:5, 18:19-9, 19:21-2). 1 Timoteyo ndi Tito (Onani pansipa) onse awiri amavumbula kuti amuna ameneŵa anapatsidwa kuyenera kwa kukhala ndi ulamuliro m’matchalitchi akumaloko, ngakhale mpaka kufika poika akulu. Komabe, iwo eniwo samatchedwa kaya atumwi kapena akulu.

5. AKULU (πρεσβυτερος)

5.1 Ku Yerusalemu

Acts 9:32 akuwonetsa Petro akutuluka mu utumiki woyendayenda. Atangobwerako (Acts 11:1) timapeza mawu oyamba omvekera bwino ponena za ‘akulu’ mu church mu Acts 11:30; kumene thandizo la njala likutumizidwa kwa akulu a ku Yerusalemu a ku Antiokeya. Palibe kutchulidwa kwa atumwi mu Acts 11:30 mokhudzana ndi nkhani ya utsogoleri; ngakhale zikuwoneka kuchokera Acts 12:1-25 kuti Petulo ndi Yakobo m’bale wake wa Yesu ayenera kuti anali ku Yerusalemu pa nthawiyi. (N.B. ngakhale Acts 11:30 ndikoyamba kutchula akulu momveka bwino, ndi kutsutsana kuti Gal 1:18-9 sizikunena za ulendowu; koma pa ulendo woyamba wa Paulo Acts 9:26-31. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Yakobo adadziwika kale ngati mtumwi ndipo adatumikira ngati mkulu pakalibe khumi ndi awiriwo.)

Pamene Paulo ndi Barnaba anapita ku Yerusalemu ponena za nkhani ya chiphunzitso cha mdulidwe (Acts 15:1-31), ndizosangalatsa kuona momwe mpingo wonse unachitira nawo. Panali kulandiridwa koyamba ndi tchalitchi, pamene nkhaniyo inadzutsidwa koyamba ndi Afarisi otembenuka mtima (Acts 15:4-5). Kenako zinathetsedwa pa msonkhano wa atumwi ndi akulu (Acts 15:6-21), monga momwe mpingo wa Antiokeya unkayembekezera (Acts 15:2). Ndiyeno zikuoneka kuti chigamulocho chinaperekedwa ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi mpingo wonse (Acts 15:22). Ndikoyeneranso kuzindikira kutsutsidwa kwakukulu mu kalata yotulukapo ya iwo amene, kuwoneka opanda utumiki wodziwika ngati aphunzitsi (Acts 15:1), anaphunzitsa kufunika kwa mdulidwe popanda ulamuliro wochokera kwa utsogoleri (Acts 15:24).

Pamene Paulo anabwerera ku Yerusalemu panthaŵi ya kumangidwa kwake, anam’pereka kwa Yakobo ndi akulu (Acts 21:18); amene tsopano akuwoneka kuti ali ndi udindo pazochitika za mpingo wa Yerusalemu. Amuna ameneŵa ankadera nkhaŵa kwambiri kupeŵa kukhumudwitsa okhulupirira Achiyuda amene anakhalabe ‘achangu pa chilamulo’ (Acts 21:20). Paulo, komabe, analibe chidwi kwenikweni ndi miyambo yachiyuda (Acts 16:1-3, 18:18,21), ndipo mwachiwonekere sanatsutsane ndi yankho lawo (Acts 21:23-6). Dongosolo la chitonthozo linalephera: koma palibe njira yodziwira ngati zinthu zikanayenda bwino akanachita mwanjira ina.

5.2 Ku Antiokeya

Ngakhale kuti panali maumboni angapo atsatanetsatane amomwe mpingo wa Antiokeya unakhazikitsidwa ndi zosankha (Acts 11:20-30, 13:1-3, 15:1-3,30-40) palibe kutchulidwa akulu.

Zikuoneka kuchokera Acts 11:20-30 kuti Barnaba poyambirira anaikidwa ndi atumwi kuti aziyang’anira ntchito ya ku Antiokeya; ndi kuti pambuyo pake anaitana Paulo kuti amuthandize kuphunzitsa mpingo.

Mu Acts 13:1-3 Chigamulo chotumiza Paulo ndi Barnaba kuchokera ku Antiokeya chikusonyeza kuti utsogoleri wa Antiokeya unali ndi aneneri ndi aphunzitsi.. N’kutheka kuti Lukiyo wa ku Kurene (v1) anali m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa tchalitchichi (onani. Acts 11:20).

Mu Acts 15:2 Paulo ndi Barnaba anali ndi udindo waukulu wotsutsa alendo amene ankaphunzitsa mdulidwe: koma chisankho chowatumiza ku Yerusalemu chinali chogwirizana. Atabwerera amakauza mpingo wonse, pamodzi ndi nthumwi za atumwi Yudasi ndi Sila. Pambuyo pake, Paulo ndi Baranaba anapitirizabe kuphunzitsa ndi kulalikira ku Antiokeya, pamodzi ndi ena ambiri (Acts 15:35).

Motero utsogoleri wa Antiokeya unkawoneka kuti unali wokhazikika pa kuphunzitsa ndi mautumiki aulosi. Kusatchulidwa kwa akulu kumakhala kwachilendo, pokumbukira kudzipereka kwachiwonekere kwa Paulo ku utsogoleri m’mipingo imene anachita upainiya (Onani pansipa): koma kufotokozera komwe kulipo ndikuti atsogoleriwa adakhala akulu akulu.

5.3 Mipingo ya Amitundu

N’zoonekeratu kuti Paulo ndi Barnaba anali atavomereza mfundo ya uchikulire, pamene tikuwaona akuika akulu m’mipingo yonse imene anakhazikitsa posachedwapa asanabwerere ku Antiokeya (Acts 14:23).

Mu Acts 20:17-38 Paulo analankhula ndi akulu a ku Efeso. Izi zidakhazikitsidwa kale, ndi kalata yoyamba ya Paulo kwa Timoteo, amene anatsala ku Efeso pamene Paulo anachezeranso Makedoniya (1 Tim 1:3, onani. Acts 20:1-3), lili ndi chiphunzitso chatsatanetsatane cha ziyeneretso za oyang’anira ndi madikoni (1 Tim 3:1-13). Zikuoneka kuti Timoteyo anapatsidwa ntchito ndi Paulo kuti azichita zinthu mwanzeru mumpingo (1 Tim 1:3, 4:11-2, 5:19-21) ndi kuika manja pa ena pamene kuli koyenera (1 Tim 5:22). Motero, n’zomveka kunena kuti akulu a ku Efeso anaikidwa pa nthawiyo.

Paulo akusonyezanso chikhulupiriro chake cha akulu pamene anabisala kwa kanthaŵi ku Kerete, panjira yopita ku Roma (Acts 27:7-13). Pamene iwo anakwera ngalawa anasiya Tito kuti ‘aike akulu m’midzi yonse’ (Tit 1:5). Kalata yake kwa Tito ikufanana kwambiri ndi 1 Timoteyo, komanso ilinso ndi chiphunzitso chokhuza zoyenereza kukhala mkulu (Tit 1:5-9).

5.4 Atumwi Monga Akulu

Mu 1 Pet 5:1 Petro akutchula akulu kukhala ‘mkulu mnzathu.’ Yohane nayenso amadzitcha mkulu mu 2 John 1:1 ndi 3 John 1:1. Monga taonera kale, Paulo anafotokoza kuti Yakobo mbale wa Yesu anali mtumwi: koma nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati mkulu wamkulu, ngakhale sanatchulidwepo motero, monga utumiki wake ukuwoneka kuti ukukhazikika pa utsogoleri wamkati wa mpingo wa Yerusalemu. Sizikudziwika ngati maganizo amenewa ankakhudza atumwi; ngakhale zikuyembekezeredwa kuti, monganso atumwi onse anayenera kukhala akapolo ('madikoni') choyamba, mtumwi aliyense akanatha kutumikira pa udindo umenewu.

5.5 Ntchito ya Akulu

Mu Titus 1:7 akulu akufotokozedwa kuti ‘adindo a Mulungu’, kutsindika kuyankha kwawo kwa Ambuye kwa iwo omwe ali pansi pa chisamaliro chawo. Mawu a Paulo kwa akulu a ku Efeso ku Efeso Acts 20:17-38 zimasonyeza kuti Paulo ankaona akulu monga ‘oyang’anira’ (επισκοπος), amene ntchito yake inali ‘kuweta (ποιμαινω) mpingo wa Mulungu..’ (Acts 20:28).

Mawu akuti ‘woyang’anira’ (ZA 'bishopu', koma kwenikweni 'woyang'anira') amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi ‘mkulu’ mu Tit 1:5-7 ndi kulekanitsidwa ndi ‘madikoni’ mu Phil 1:1. Mu 1 Tim 3:1-7 Paulo akufotokoza ziyeneretso za ‘oyang’anira’, adatsata 1 Tim 3:8-13 ndi za 'madikoni'. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi ponena za Yesu mu 1 Pet 2:25 ndipo palibe kwina kulikonse. Liwu lochokera ku 'kuyang'anira’ (onani. 1 Tim 3:1) zikuwoneka mu Acts 1:20, kumene likugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mtumwi wochimwa Yudasi: komabe, amangowonekera pano ngati mawu ochokera mu Septuagint ya Psalm 109:8 ndipo sayenera kutengedwa ngati woimira N.T. terminology. Chotero zikuwoneka zomveka kunena kuti mawu akuti ‘mkulu’ ndi ‘woyang’anira’ pafupifupi ofanana mu N.T.

Kuyang'anira kungathe kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mu Acts 20:29-30 amauzidwa kuti ayang'anire omwe anali ampatuko ndi/kapena ofuna kukokera amuna pambuyo pawo,. Mu 1 Tim 3:5 amafotokozedwa kuti ‘akusamalira’ mpingo ndi mkati 1 Tim 5:17 monga 'kulamulira'.

Lingaliro la ‘kuweta’ (ποιμαινω) ziwerengero zambiri mu zizindikiro zakale ndi zatsopano za chipangano. Komabe, dzina la ‘m’busa’ (kapena ‘abusa’ – ποιμην) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha kwa atsogoleri ampingo, mu Eph 4:11, pomwe palibe tanthauzo lomveka la mawuwo kapena ntchito yake (ndithudi pali kutsutsana kwina ngati liyenera kumasuliridwa kuti ‘abusa ndi aphunzitsi’ kapena ‘abusa-aphunzitsi’).

Pali maumboni ochepa achindunji onena za ‘kuŵeta’ ntchito za atsogoleri a mpingo. Mu Acts 20:28-35 Pambuyo pake Paulo akuwauza kuti akhale athandizi a ofooka ndi opatsa osati olandira (Acts 20:35). Petro akutsindika kufunika kopereka chitsanzo cha utumiki wodzifunira umene ena angatsanziremo 1 Pet 5:2-3. Yesu anauza Petulo kuti ‘weta nkhosa zanga’ mu John 21:16: koma mu John 21:15 & 17 anagwiritsira ntchito chifanizo chaubusa chofananacho ndi liwu lina limene lili ndi tanthauzo lenileni la ‘chakudya.’ 1 Cor 9:7 imanena kuti m’busa ali ndi ufulu wolandira chinachake kuchokera m’gulu la nkhosa zake.

Komabe, Kupenda nkhani zambiri kumasonyeza kuti mbusa amatsogolera gulu la nkhosa, ndikukhazikitsa dongosolo kuti atsatire; ndi kuti kuti izi zigwire ntchito nkhosa ziyenera kuzindikira utsogoleri wake (John 10:3-4). Ngati n’koyenera, adzapereka moyo wake kuti ateteze nkhosa ku ngozi (John 10:11-15). Iye amasonkhanitsa nkhosa (John 10:16) ndikuwaletsa kusokera (Mt 18:12, Ez 34:12-3), amawadyetsa ndi kuwamwetsa (Ez 34:13-15, Rev 7:17) ndipo amasamalira odwala ndi ovulala (Ez 34:16, onani. Jas 5:14-5). Adzachitanso zinthu zolimba ngati kuli kofunika kuti ateteze chipwirikiti kapena dyera m’gulu la nkhosa (Ez 34:16-22 & Rev 2:27, 12:5, 19:15 – ‘busa’ ndi ndodo yachitsulo).

Motero tingayembekezere kuti ntchito za akulu zidzaphatikizapo mbali zonsezi: utsogoleri ndi chitsanzo, kuteteza ku ngozi za chiphunzitso ndi zaumwini, kumanga umodzi ndi kuzindikira chitsogozo, kuwonetsetsa kuti anthu akuphunzitsidwa bwino ndi kudzazidwa ndi mzimu (komanso kuthandizidwa mokwanira) ndi kuchiritsa zofooka zamaganizo ndi thupi.

Dziwani kuti akulu akatchulidwa, pafupifupi nthawi zonse zimakhala zambiri. Mawu a Paulo mu Acts 20:18-38 analunjikitsidwa kwa akulu a ku Efeso monga gulu. Sitiyenera kuyembekezera kuti ntchito zonse zimene zili pamwambazi zizichitidwa ndi mkulu aliyense payekha: koma tiyenera kuyembekezera kuti akulu a mpingo wonse aziwasamalira mokwanira.

Onaninso kuti akulu akuwoneka kuti amagwirizana ndi mipingo m'malo enaake (Acts 14:23, 20:17, Tit 1:5), kupatulapo atumwi aja amene amadzitcha akulu.

5.6 Ziyeneretso za Atsogoleri

Zofunikira kwa akulu zimafotokozedwa mu 1 Tim 3:1-7 and Tit 1:5-9. Monga takambirana kale ndi madikoni, ayenera kukhala omveka bwino m’chikhulupiriro chawo, iwo ndi akazi awo ayenera kukhala akhalidwe labwino ndipo moyo wawo wabanja uyenera kukhala wolongosoka. Zikuoneka kuti zinkayembekezeredwa kuti akulu adzakhala amuna okwatira (1 Tim 3:2,4, Tit 1:6) – Malingaliro achiyuda akuwoneka kuti anali akuti amuna osakwatiwa anali ndi chidziŵitso chokwanira cha ‘moyo weniweniwo’ – ngakhale kuti zimenezi zingaonekere monga kufunikira kopeŵa mitala kapena kusagwirizana m’banja kuposa kuumirira ukwati.. (Monga taonera pamwambapa, Zofunikira za madikoni zikutanthauza chimodzimodzi: koma osachepera dikoni mmodzi anali mkazi.)

Monga mutu wakuti ‘mkulu’ zikutanthauza, panali kugogomezera kukhwima maganizo kuti mkulu sangakhale wotembenuka posachedwapa (1 Tim 3:6). Izi ziyenera kumveka bwino, ngakhale. Zikuoneka kuti akulu ena osankhidwa ndi Paulo mu Acts 14:21-23 ayenera kuti anali otembenuka posachedwapa: ngakhale Gal 2:1 zikuwoneka kuti zikuyika zaka zingapo pakati Acts 12:25 & 15:4, pamakhala kusatsimikizika kuti adakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji pamalo aliwonse.

Akulu anafunikira kukhala ndi luso la kuphunzitsa ndi kukhala okhoza kutsutsa chiphunzitso chonyenga (1 Tim 3:2, Tit 1:9). Anthu amene ankagwira ntchito imeneyi ankawayamikira kwambiri (1 Tim 5:17).

Chiyeneretso china chapadera, wosiyana ndi wa madikoni, chinali chakuti iwo ankayenera kuchereza alendo (1 Tim3:2, Tit 1:8). Kulumikizana ndi anthu kunali gawo lofunikira la ntchitoyo: kotero okhawo amene analandira izi moona mtima angalingaliridwe kukhala oyenera.

Mwachidwi, poganizira mbali ya boma ya udindo wawo, palibe mayeso apadera a kuyenerera pankhaniyi, kusiyapo kuumirira kuti mkulu akhale ‘wolamulira bwino nyumba yake’ (1 Tim 3:4-5, Tit 1:6): koma izi siziposanso zomwe zifunikanso kwa madikoni (1 Tim 3:12).

Mlingo wamba wa ziyeneretso zofunika m’mbali ziŵiri zomalizirazi sikuchirikiza lingaliro lakuti mkulu ayenera kukhala waluso kwambiri pankhani yolankhulana ndi anthu.; ngakhale kuti maluso oterowo mwachiwonekere angakhale amtengo wapatali muukulu uliwonse. Zikuoneka kuti akuluakulu sanali amtundu umodzi, koma m’malo mwake kuti makonzedwe a akulu a mpingowo anasankhidwa kotero kuti pakati pawo athe kugwira ntchito zonse zofunika za ubusa. Izi zingafotokozere ndemanga ya Paulo kwa Timoteo, ‘Akulu oweruza bwino ayesedwe oyenera ulemu wowirikiza, makamaka iwo amene agwiritsa ntchito mawu ndi chiphunzitso.’ (1 Tim 5:17). Sakunena kuti akulu ena sachita bwino pa ntchito yawo: koma kutsindika kufunika kwa mautumiki ena.

(Bwererani ku Zamkatimu / Pitilizani kuwerenga)