Ingxoxo ngeGoodreads muva nje iphakamise umbuzo onentshisekelo: kungani indaba yokuvuka kukaLazaru kwabafileyo ivela kuphela kuvangeli likaJohane? Ngemva kwakho konke, ebusweni balo, lo kwakunguJesu’ isimangaliso esikhulu kunazo zonke: ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka ngempela, kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi abanye ababhali bevangeli bangasho lutho ngalo?

Akukholakali?

Qaphela i-'Hollywood Effect’

Isithombe sami esihlala njalo kule ndaba sivela kwenye yalawo mafilimu asendulo abonisa cishe wonke umuzi waseBethany ebuka kude ethukile futhi emangele njengoba isithombe esimhlophe sikaLazaru sivela ethuneni. Bekuyisikhathi esivuthayo kule filimu; futhi cinema omkhulu: kepha futhi bekungukuhlanekezelwa okuphawulekayo kwamaqiniso.

UJohane usitshela ukuthi uLazaru wayekade ethuneni 4 izinsuku lapho uJesu efika. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uMary noMartha bebesengaphakathi kwenkathi yendabuko yezinsuku eziyi-7 yokulila (waziwa ngo ‘[x]shiva[/x]’), lapho abangane nezihlobo bezovakasha bezoduduza futhi bachithe isikhathi esithile bezila nabo. Ngakho, yebo, ngabe kusakhona isixuku esikhulu sabantu esasinabo endlini 4 izinsuku ngemuva komngcwabo: kodwa hhayi wonke umzana.

Futhi uvuko lwalungeyona into yomphakathi. UMarta waqala wahlangana noJesu ngasese, wabe esebiza uMary ngasese ukuba eze azomjoyina. Labo bendlu abakhethe ukumlandela babengazi ngoJesu’ ukufika; babecabanga ukuthi uzokhala ethuneni. Futhi nangemva kokubona uJesu, umcabango wabo kwakuwukuthi wayefike sekwedlule isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, bekungaba njalo, ngokuningi, abafundi kanye nabangane abaseduze abakubonile okwenzekile.

Okunye okungaqondakali okuyiqiniso okukhuthazwa ngabenzi bamafilimu ngukusebenzisa isikhathi ukuthola isikhathi. Ngokuvamile, lo mcimbi, uma kufakwe kusakhiwo, kulandelwa ngokushesha ukungena kokunqoba eJerusalema. Kodwa yize i-akhawunti kaJohn nayo yeqa cishe masinyane iye esontweni lePhasika, ukufanelekela lokhu ngokuthi:

‘Ngakho kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke bacebisana ngokuthi bambulale. Ngakho-ke uJesu akabange esahamba obala phakathi kwamaJuda, kepha wasuka lapho, waya ezweni eliseduze nehlane, emzini obizwa ngokuthi yi-Efrayimi. Wahlala lapho nabafundi bakhe’ ([x]John 11:53-4[/x]).

Kude nokuqonda ngqo empini yokugcina, UJesu ushiya indawo ezochitha isikhathi kwa-Efrayimi, ezinye 15 amamayela (20km) enyakatho neJerusalema. Ngakho, yize lesi sigameko sikhomba iphuzu lapho umpristi ophakeme ethatha khona isinqumo sokuphatha’ ukuthi uJesu wayezokufa, empeleni kwenzeka isikhathi esithile ngaphambi uJesu’ ukuvakasha kokugcina eJerusalema. Futhi, ngaphandle kokuzuza kokubheka emuva nangaphakathi kolwazi lokubonisana kompristi omkhulu, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ubunjalo bayo obubaluleke kakhulu bube sobala kalula.

Ukukhethwa kokulandisa kwamaVangeli

Sidinga ukuqonda ukuthi wonke ama-akhawunti evangeli akhetha kakhulu izigameko ezichazwe. Njengoba ivesi lokugcina levangeli likaJohane libona, “Kukhona nezinye izinto eziningi azenza uJesu, okuthi uma konke kungabhalwa, Ngicabanga ukuthi ngisho nomhlaba uqobo ubungeke ube nendawo yezincwadi ezizobhalwa. ”

Ukuhlobana okuphezulu phakathi kokukhethwa kwezigameko kuMathewu, UMark noLuka (amavangeli okuqala) kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi basebenzise amaqoqo abhaliwe akhona (ukubona [x]Luka 1:1[/x]) njengosizo lokukhumbula. Ekuqaleni, ngakhoke, kufanele sikuqaphele lokho, ngaphandle kwesonto lokugcina likaJesu’ impilo, izehlakalo ezichazwe emavangelini afanayo zibhekiswe kuJesu’ Inkonzo eGalile nasezifundeni ezikude neJerusalema. Lokhu akumangalisi njengoba kungenzeka ekuqaleni sicabange. Izinto zokubhala zazingaphatheki kahle ngalezo zinsuku: ngakho-ke akusikho konke lokho okumangazayo uma uJesu’ Abalobi bokuqala babezinze eGalile, lapho ukwesekwa kwakhe bekuqine khona.

Kodwa ivangeli likaJohane alifani neze nezinye. Akakhulumi ngokusobala ngalezi zindaba zangaphambili, noma amanye amavangeli; uncamela ukuncika kuJesu’ uthembisa ukuthi uMoya oNgcwele uzokwenza “Ngikukhumbuze konke engikushilo kuwe” ([x]John 14:26[/x]). Futhi akazami ukunikeza umlando ogcwele wabo bonke uJesu’ ukuhamba nezimangaliso. Kunalokho, ugxila kukhetho olukhawulelwe kakhulu lwezehlakalo ezinikeza ukuqonda okukhethekile ngenhloso kaJesu’ impilo nenkonzo.

Kumele futhi kuphawulwe ukuthi uJohn wayesesimweni esiyingqayizivele maqondana nokungena kwakhe endlini yompristi omkhulu. Uyise kubonakala sengathi wayengumthengisi wezinhlanzi ([x]Okulongwendayo 1:20[/x]), umama wakhe umgibeli womphakathi ([x]Mt 20:20-21[/x]) futhi wakwazi ukufinyelela ngisho nasebusuku bukaJesu’ bopha ([x]UJn 18:15[/x]). Ngakho-ke, wayebekwe kangcono kunabanye ukwazi umthelela lesi simangaliso esaba nawo ekucabangeni kompristi omkhulu.

Ngakho-ke ngokubuza ukuthi kungani indaba kaLazaru ivela kuJohane kuphela, kumele sizibuze ukuthi zingaki izimangaliso ezifanayo ababhali bevangeli okufanele bakhethe kuzo, nokuthi yikuphi ukucatshangelwa okungaba nomthelela ekukhetheni kwabo?

Indlela Yokukhetha

Izinketho ezitholakalayo

Amavangeli achaza izimangaliso ezine ezenziwa nguJesu ekhombisa amandla akhe phezu kokufa (noma kunjalo, unikezwe okushiwo abalobi bevangeli ngenani elikhulu lezimangaliso uJesu azenza, asikwazi ukukhipha ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona abanye). Lezi izi:

1. Indodana Yomfelokazi, Kuhlobene kuphela ku- [x]Luka 7:11-15[/x], lokhu bekungokokuqala kwezimangaliso zovuko ezirekhodiwe. UJesu uphazamisa udwendwe lomngcwabo ukuze avuse indodana yomfelokazi. Ngokuya ngamasiko amaJuda angaleso sikhathi, lensizwa ngabe isifile amahora amaningi: kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kosuku.
2. UJayiru’ indodakazi, Lesi sehlakalo, okubandakanya intombazane esanda kushona, senzeka eGalile futhi sibonakala kubo bonke 3 amavangeli afanayo.
3. ULazaru, owayekade efile wangcwatshwa 4 izinsuku.
4. uJesu, wavuswa kwabafileyo ngosuku lwesithathu, kade ngisethuneni isikhashana 36 amahora.

Ngaphandle kukaJesu’ uvuko lwakho i-akhawunti ethandwa kakhulu nguJayiro’ indodakazi, noma ngabe iyinto ebabazekayo ngokwengeziwe ubude besikhathi ifile. Isizathu esisobala kakhulu salokhu kukhetha kumele kube ukuthi sibhalwe kahle kakhulu. Ngokusobala yayiphakathi kwezimangaliso ezalotshwa abalobi bezindaba baseGalile bokuqala. Lokhu, kanye nemininingwane kanye nezifo zendaba (nobaba owayenovalo waphoqeleka ukuba alinde ngenkathi uJesu ebhekene necala elalibonakala liphuthuma) kwenza kube ukukhetha kwemvelo.

uJesu’ uvuko uqobo, ngenkathi kwenzeka esikhathini esifushane kunokuvuswa kukaLazaru, ixilonga lowo ngokuthi kwakungumenzi wezimangaliso uqobo owayesefile manje futhi ovuswa ngendlela engaphezu kwemvelo ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu ethuneni elivalwe futhi eligadiwe.

Ngakho-ke sinamaVangeli amane alandisa okungenani 2 izimangaliso zovuko noLuka wengeza owesithathu (uJesu’ kuqala, naseNayini) ngesilinganiso esihle.

Ngabe basadinga okunye okungaphezulu? Ngokusobala akunjalo. Umbuzo manje uthi, yiziphi izinto ezingancenga uMatthew, UMark noLuka ukufaka noma ukukhipha indaba kaLazaru?

Izizathu Zokufakwa

1. Kuyinto ephawuleka kakhulu ngokuya ngobude besikhathi efile. Yiqiniso, kucatshangwa ukuthi ufile ngempela. Kodwa uJesu’ Ukubethelwa kunikeza ubufakazi obukholisayo bokufa.
2. Indima yalo ebalulekile emicimbini eya kuJesu’ ukufa kwakhe. Yiqiniso: kepha lokhu bekungabonakali ngesikhathi sangempela semicimbi. Kwakudinga ulwazi lwangaphakathi, uJohn ayenakho ukufinyelela kuyo. Kodwa abanye? Futhi lokhu bekungekho ukuphela kwento ethonya iziphathimandla’ isinqumo.
3. Udaba, njengaleyo kaJayiru, iqukethe imininingwane eminingi nama-pathos. Yiqiniso: Kepha uJesu’ Impendulo kulesi simo kunzima ukuyiqonda (bona ngezansi).

Izizathu Zokukhishwa

1. Iyeza, njengoba kwenza, ngasekupheleni kukaJesu’ inkonzo, lokhu kulandisa ngovuko ngemuva kwezinsuku ezine ethuneni kungenzeka kubonwe ngabathile njengokuphazamisa uvuthondaba lwemvelo lwamavangeli, uJesu’ uvuko uqobo.
2. Kunenkinga yokwethembeka lapha. Abantu bebengathandi kangako ukukholelwa izindaba zovuko ngaleso sikhathi kunanamhlanje (ukubona [x]IzEnzo 17:32[/x]). Kungani welula ukukholwa kwabo ngaphambi kwe-akhawunti ebhalwe kangcono kakhulu kaJesu’ uvuko uqobo?
3. Naphezu kwemvelo yayo emangalisayo, umthelela walesi simangaliso ubonakala ukhawulelwe endaweni eseduze neJerusalema. Ngokuhamba nje 15 amamayela enyakatho, UJesu ubonakala ekwazile ukugwema imiphumela yayo. Njengoba sekushiwo, inani langempela lofakazi lalilincane kakhulu kunendlela esasicabanga ngayo. Futhi siyazi futhi ukuthi kwakukhona ubutha obukhulu phakathi kweziphathimandla zamaJuda, okwenza ukufakaza ngoJesu ibhizinisi eliyingozi ezungeze iJerusalema (qhathanisa. [x]John 9:22 & 11:57[/x]). Ngakho-ke kwaba khona ukuntuleka kobufakazi obujwayelekile obuhambisanayo - ngokungafani nezimangaliso zaseGalile, ebikade ibikiwe kabanzi.
4. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi kungani uJesu alibele ukuya kuLazaru’ usizo lapho ezwa okokuqala ngokugula kwakhe. UJohn ufuna ukunika abafundi bakhe umbono waphakade ngezinhlekelele zethu zesikhashana: kanti abanye ababhali bevangeli bakhuluma kakhulu ngemicimbi. Okwabo, le mibuzo yesibili ingaba ukuphazamiseka kusuka ku-akhawunti eyinhloko.
5. Noma ngabe kwenzekani kuLazaru? Isici sanoma iyiphi indaba yovuko esenza sikholwe kakhulu yikhono lokuhlangana nofakazi omkhulu - kuleli cala, ULazaru. UJohane usitshela ukuthi ngenkathi uJesu ebuya ekuqaleni kwesonto lePhasika, ‘Ngakho isixuku esikhulu samaJuda sezwa ukuthi ulapho, base beza, hhayi ngoJesu’ ngenxa kuphela, kodwa ukuze babone noLazaru, ayemvuse kwabafileyo‘ ([x]John 12:9[/x]). Omunye angahle, ngakhoke, bekulindele lokho, ngisho nangemva kukaJesu’ uvuko, ULazaru ngabe wazuza ukuvelela njengobufakazi obuphilayo bukaJesu’ amandla okuvuka. Kepha asiphinde sizwe ngaye; futhi, ngokwesabekayo, UJohn uyaphawula, ‘Kepha abapristi abakhulu benza uzungu lokubulala noLazaru, ngoba ngenxa yakhe amaJuda amanengi asuka akholwa kuJesu‘ ([x]John 12:11-12[/x]). Ngabe kukhona umuntu owambulala? Noma, ukuba yindoda endala, ngabe waphinde wagula futhi wafa? Asazi. Kodwa ukungabi khona kofakazi omkhulu ngokungangabazeki kuyayiphazamisa le ndaba.

Isiphetho

Azikho kulezi zingxabano eziphakanyiswe ngenhla ezisinikeza izizathu ezinhle zokuphika iqiniso lobufakazi bukaJohane mayelana noLazaru. Labo abaphikayo bakwenza lokho ngokuyinhloko ngesisekelo sokungakholwa kwabo, okuvela kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu komuntu kwemvelo kokuphela kokufa.

Kuze kufike kuMathewu, UMark noLuka bakhathazekile, kungabonakala ukuthi bebezoba nesizathu esihle sokungasifaki lesi sigameko kuma-akhawunti abo. Kodwa, ngokombono kaJohn singaqonda ngokulinganayo ukuthi kungani, ngaphandle kokuphikisana nalokho, ubengacabanga ukuthi lesi sigameko kufanele sikhethwe ngokukhethekile.