Ukuchaza kabusha i-Eschatology yamaJuda

Njengoba kuxoxwe ngakho ku isigaba esandulele, lapho uJesu eqala inkonzo yakhe le miqondo elandelayo yayisivele yasungulwa emicabangweni yamaJuda; nakuba ubunjalo bazo bangempela kanye nokuba khona kwabo, yaqhubeka yaba yindaba ewumbango onzima:

• Sheol - Indawo Yabafileyo.
• Isifuba sika-Abrahama - indawo lapho amaJuda alungile ayengalindela ukuvuka kwawo ekugcineni.
• Gehenna – indawo yokuphindisela kwaphezulu, okuzolandelwa noma wukuvuka ekugcineni, noma
• Ukufa Kwesibili - ukubhujiswa noma isimo sokufa unomphela.

La magama asetshenziswa ezimfundisweni zikaJesu nabaphostoli, futhi wadlulela eTestamenteni Elisha lesiGreki: kodwa umfundi kufanele aqaphele ukuthi izincazelo zabo zeNT yilezo ezichazwe nguJesu; futhi izici ezithile zihluke kakhulu kozakwabo abangamaJuda. Ezinye izinguqulo ezindala zesiNgisi, njengokuthi ‘Ogunyaziwe’ (noma 'King James') Inguqulo, wakhetha ukungawagcini amagama amaJuda ka ‘Sheol‘ futhi ‘Gehenna‘ – esikhundleni salokho sebenzisa igama elifanayo, ‘isihogo,’ kukho kokubili - kuyilapho izinguqulo eziningi zesiNgisi zesimanje zigcina amagama esiJuda. Zombili izindlela zinezinkinga zazo, njengoba abafundi bevame ukuhumusha la magama ngombono wamaJuda, Amasiko amaGreki kanye namanye amasiko angase ahluke kakhulu emfundisweni kaJesu ngokwakhe.

Ngakho sizoqala ngokubheka uJesu’ ukwelashwa kwalezi zihloko…

Sheol kanye nesiFuba sika-Abrahama

Emfanekisweni wesicebi noLazaru, UJesu ukhuluma ngakho Sheol (Umphetho: ‘Hades').

Kwenzeka ukuthi umnxibi wafa, nokuthi wathwalwa yizingelosi wayiswa esifubeni sika-Abrahama. Nesicebi safa, wangcwatshwa. EHayidesi, waphakamisa amehlo akhe, ekuhlushweni (G931), wabona u-Abrahama ekude, noLazaru ngasesifubeni sakhe. Wakhala wathi, ‘Baba u-Abrahama, ngihawukele, athumele uLazaru, ukuze acwilise isihloko somunwe wakhe emanzini, ngipholise ulimi lwami! Ngoba ngisezinhlungwini (G3600) kulelilangabi (G5395).’ “Kodwa u-Abrahama wathi, ‘Ndodana, khumbula ukuthi wena, empilweni yakho, wamukele izinto zakho ezinhle, noLazaru, ngendlela efanayo, izinto ezimbi. Kodwa manje useduduzwa lapha, wena uyahlupheka (G3600). Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu, phakathi kwethu nawe kunegebe elikhulu elilungisiwe, ukuthi abafuna ukudlula besuka lapha beze kini bangekwazi, futhi kungabikho muntu owela esuka lapho eze kithi.’ “Uthe, ‘Ngakho ngiyakubuza, ubaba, ukuthi ubungamthuma endlini kababa; ngoba nginabafowethu abayisihlanu, ukuze afakaze kubo, ngakho-ke ngeke bangene futhi kule ndawo yokuhlushwa (G931).’ “Kepha u-Abrahama wathi kuye, ‘BanoMose nabaprofethi. Mabalalele.’ “Uthe, ‘Cha, ubaba uAbrahama, kodwa uba omunye evela kwabafileyo eya kubo, bazophenduka.’ “Wathi kuye, ‘Uma bengalaleli uMose nabaprofethi, futhi abayikuvunyiswa, uma kuvuka umuntu kwabafileyo.’ ” (Lk 16:22-31)

Phawula amaphuzu alandelayo:

• Abafowabo besicebi basaphila; ngakho uJesu uchaza lokho okwenzeka kumuntu ngemva nje kokuba efile kunokuthi kwenzekani ekwahlulelweni kokugcina komhlaba wonke..
• Akubona bonke abaya eHayidesi. Sitshelwa ukuthi uLazaru, oke waphathwa kabi empilweni, uyiswa ‘esifubeni sika-Abrahama,’ lapho eduduzwa khona.
• Kodwa impatho ehlukene yamadoda amabili, ngisho nangaphambi kwesahlulelo sokugcina sikaNkulunkulu, kuveza okuthile okubalulekile ngesimo sikaNkulunkulu. Akafuni ukuba ukungabi nabulungisa kwaleli zwe kuqhubeke isikhathi eside kunokuba kudingekile ngempela; ngakho, ngisho nangaphambi kokukhishwa kwesahlulelo sakhe sokugcina, useqalile ukududuza abahluphekayo nokuphindisela kwabanecala.
• Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi wonke umuntu oye waphathwa kabi ekuphileni ngokuzenzakalelayo uyakhululwa eHayidesi? Noma uLazaru wayiswa esifubeni sika-Abrahama ngoba, naphezu kwakho konke, wahlala engumJuda oshisekayo? Awukho umbuzo ophendulwa ngokucacile; ngoba lokho akulona iphuzu langempela lomfanekiso.
• Udaba olubalulekile ukuthi isicebi sasiphila esimweni sokunethezeka sokunganaki izidingo zalabo abaseduze naso.. Lokhu kwaba naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke umJuda wayefundiswe kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuthi ukuziphatha okunjalo akwamukeleki kuNkulunkulu.¹ Ingxabano yesicebi kwaba, ‘Kodwa ngokuqinisekile, ukube abantu babazi ngempela ukuthi lokho okufundiswa iBhayibheli kuyiqiniso, khona-ke bazokwenza okufanele.’ Kodwa uJesu usitshela ukuthi impendulo yaba ukuthi abukho ubufakazi obungaxazulula inkinga uma abantu bengafuni ngempela ukulalela. Qaphela leli phuzu. Sizobuyela kuyo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Esiqeshini esicashunwe ngenhla uzobe uphawule ukuthi amanye amagama alandelwa izinombolo kubakaki eziqala ngo ‘G’.. Lezi zaziwa ngokuthi “Izinombolo eziqinile.”² Labo abane-'G’ Isiqalo sisetshenziselwa ukukhomba amagama athile embhalweni wesiGreki, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zihunyushwa kanjani ngempela. Ngifuna ukudonsa ukunaka kwakho 3 amagama athile asetshenziswe kulo mbhalo:

• usizi (G3600). Leli gama liyatholakala 4 izikhathi ku-N.T. futhi kuphela emibhalweni kaLuka; kabili lapha, plus Lk 2:48 futhi Acts 20:38. Ezimweni ezimbili zokugcina, umongo wenza kucace ukuthi uLuka usebenzisa leli gama ngomqondo wokucindezeleka kwengqondo, noma ukudabuka, kunobuhlungu bomzimba. Lokhu kufakazelwa ukuhlola ukusetshenziswa kwaleli gama elifanayo enguqulweni yesiGreki iSeptuagint yeTestamente Elidala.
• ukuhlushwa (G931). Lokhu kutholakala kuphela 3 izikhathi ku-N.T.; kabili kulomfanekiso (Lk 16:23,28) futhi ku Mt 4:24. Lokhu kokugcina kwenzeka encazelweni yezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphazamiseka kwabantu – isifo, ukubanjwa ‘nokuhlushwa’, ukungenwa amademoni, ukusangana nokukhubazeka. Bangu 11 ezinye izibonelo zaleli gama elisetshenziswa kuyi- Septuagint O.T.: 4 izikhathi phakathi 1Samuel 6:3-17 ukubhekisela ‘emnikelweni wecala’ eyenziwe ngamaFilisti; e Ezekiel 3:20 & 7:19 ihumusha isiHebheru ngokuthi ‘isikhubekiso’; e Ezekiel 12:18 isiHeberu esisho ukwesaba noma ukuthuthumela; futhi ku Ezekiel 16:52,54 & 32:24,30 ngenxa yehlazo noma ihlazo. Zonke izibonelo ze-Septuagint zikhuluma ngomqondo wokuthi abantu balethwe endaweni yokuziphindiselela mayelana necala labo kanye nehlazo labo.. Lokhu futhi kwenza umqondo omuhle kumongo walo mfanekiso; futhi futhi Mt 4:24, njengomunyu ongaxazululeki, umuzwa wecala namahloni sekuyisikhathi eside kuqashelwa njengezimbangela zokuphazamiseka okuningi kwengqondo nomzimba (e.g. Pro 17:22). Ngokusobala, akukho kulokhu okuhlangenwe nakho okwaba mnandi nganoma iyiphi indlela futhi kwezinye izimo kwakuhilela ubuhlungu obukhulu bomzimba: kepha, njengokungathi ngobuhlungu, lokho akuwona umqondo oyinhloko waleli gama.
• ilangabi (G5395). Leli gama lisho amalangabi okukhanya. Ngokuvamile libhekisela elangabini elivela emlilweni; nakuba kungenjalo ngempela ilangabi elingokoqobo. (Kunguqulo ye-Septuagint ethi Judges 3:22 lize lihumushe nesiHeberu lisho inkemba yommese ephucuzeke kakhulu: nakuba lokho kungavamile.) Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi leli gama liyasetshenziswa 7 izikhathi ku-N.T.; futhi kukho konke 6 kwezinye izimo ifaneleka ngokucacile ngegama, ‘umlilo’ - nakuba ku 4 zalezi (Heb 1:7; Rev 1:14; 2:18 & 19:12) kubonakala kuwukuqhathanisa okubonwayo noma okungokomfanekiso. Kodwa kule ndima (naphezu kwalokho okushiwo ezinye izinguqulo) ‘umlilo’ akushiwo - ukushisa nokoma kuphela. Ngakho-ke kungase kube nezizathu ezizwakalayo zokuphikisa ngokuthi ilangabi lapha lingase libe elingelona elomzimba, njengokushisa okuvuthayo nokukhanya kobungcwele bukaNkulunkulu, ukuveza isono nehlazo lomuntu (ukubona Jn 3:19-20).

Kodwa khumbula ukuthi esibhekene nakho lapha inkathi engaphambi kwesahlulelo sikaNkulunkulu sokugcina. Ngakho uthini uJesu ngalokho okwenzekayo ngemva kwalokho?

IGehena

Sesinakho kakade kuphawuliwe ukuthi ngekhulu lokuqala BC kwakuwumkhuba wamaJuda ojwayelekile ukuhambisana nokufundwa kwemibhalo yesiHeberu esidlangalaleni kanye nencazelo yevesi nevesi ngesi-Aramu.. I ‘Targum Jonathan‘³ inikeza ukuhumusha okuvunyelwe kweningi lezincwadi zesiprofetho. Lokhu kubaluleke ngokukhethekile mayelana nevesi lokugcina lika-Isaya:

“Bazophuma, futhi bheka izidumbu zamadoda aphambuke kimi: ngoba impethu yabo kayiyikufa, lomlilo wabo kawuyikucitsha; futhi ziyoba yisinengiso kuso sonke isintu.” (Isa 66:24)

I-Targum ihumusha lokhu ngokuthi:

Futhi bayophuma, futhi bheka izidumbu zamadoda, izoni, abahlubukile eZwini lami: ngoba imiphefumulo yabo kayiyikufa, lomlilo wabo kawuyikucitsha; futhi ababi bayokwahlulelwa eGehena, baze abalungileyo bakhulume ngabo, sesibone sekwanele.

Igama elididayo, ‘impethu’ lihunyushwa ngokuthi ‘imiphefumulo,’ ngalokho esikisela ukuthi ‘imiphefumulo’ ungafi; kanye nesisho esichazayo, ‘ ababi bayakwahlulelwa phakathi Gehenna‘ yengezwa. Ekugcineni, umusho wokugcina uchitshiyelwe ukuze ubonise ukuthi isijeziso singokwesikhathi esilinganiselwe. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isiko lamaJuda lanamuhla lithatha umbono wokuthi isikhathi esiphezulu esichithwa ku Gehenna ayikho ngaphezu 12 izinyanga.

Nokho, UMarku ubhala ngoJesu ecaphuna lesi siprofetho esifanayo sika-Isaya:

Uma isandla sakho sikukhubekisa, inqamule. kungcono ukuthi ungene ekuphileni ugogekile, kunokuba ube nezandla zombili ukuze ungene eGehena, kokungacimekiyo (G762) umlilo (G4442), ‘lapho isibungu sabo (G4663) ayifi (G5053), kanye nomlilo (G4442) ayicinywa (G4570).’ Uma unyawo lwakho lukukhubekisa, inqamule. kungcono kuwe ukungena ekuphileni ulunyonga, kunokuba izinyawo zakho zombili uphonswe eGehena, emlilweni (G4442) okungasoze kwacinywa (G762) – ‘lapho isibungu sabo (G4663) ayifi (G5053), kanye nomlilo (G4442) ayicinywa (G4570).’ Uma iso lakho likukhubekisa, yikhiphe. kungcono kuwe ukungena embusweni kaNkulunkulu uneso linye, kunokuba ube namehlo amabili ukuba uphonswe eGehena lomlilo (G4442), ‘lapho isibungu sabo (G4663) ayifi (G5053), kanye nomlilo (G4442) ayicinywa (G4570).’ (Mar 9:43-48)

Abafundi bakaJesu babengezona izazi zamaHeberu (Acts 4:13); futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ujwayelene kakhulu namagama eTargum kunesiHeberu sokuqala. Kodwa, ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuthi uyachaza ‘Gehenna,’ UJesu unamathela ezwini lokuqala lika-Isaya elithi, ‘impethu yabo ayifi nomlilo awucimi.’ Ubuye weqe isiphetho sevesi; singaxoxi ngesimo sengqondo sabanye: kodwa ungenzi mzamo wokusikisela ukuthi kunomkhawulo wesikhathi sawo.

Ukubheka izincazelo zamagama amakiwe, singaphawula okulandelayo:

• umlilo (G4442). Leli igama lesiGreki elivamile elisho cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lomlilo, futhi izoqondwa njalo ngaleyo ndlela ngaphandle uma ilungiswa yingqikithi yayo (e.g. ‘umlilo ovela ezulwini’ kungase kuhunyushwe ngokuthi ‘umbani’).
• engacimekiyo (G762) futhi yacinywa(G4570). I-G762 yisiphawulo esiphikayo esakhiwe esenzweni, G4570 ; ngakho kuzo zombili izimo uJesu ugcizelela ukuthi imvelo yomlilo injalo kangangokuthi awukwazi futhi ngeke ucishwe. Ukugcizelela okuphindaphindiwe okunjalo kwenza kucace ukuthi uJesu ufuna sazi ukuthi lomlilo unamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo futhi ungunaphakade.. (Futhi kufanele kwesatshwe kakhulu, njengoba kugcizelelwa izinyathelo ezinqala zokugwema uJesu ngokwakhe azisikiselayo.)
• isibungu (G4663). Igama lesiGreki elisetshenziswe lapha nasenguqulweni ye-Septuagint ethi Is 66:24 ingase ihunyushwe ngokuthi ‘impethu,’ ‘ugwaja’ noma ‘isibungu somhlaba:’ neze ‘umphefumulo.’ Kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, isiHebheru sokuqala sika Is 66:24, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa igama elivamile le-grub, izimpethu noma isibungu (H7415), usebenzisa igama eliqondile kakhulu: “tole’ah” (H8438). Lokhu kuhumusha njengegama lohlobo oluthile kakhulu lwe-grub ('i-crimson grub', Kermes (or coccus) ilicis) noma okubomvu okukhanyayo, noma okubomvu okuvela kuwo. Njengoba i-G4663 iyigama elijwayelekile elithi 'grub’ kusobala ukuthi ingquza uqobo lwayo, kunokuba nje umbala, lokho kuhlosiwe. Kodwa igama lesiHeberu eliqondile lisho isinambuzane esivame ukudla izinhlobo ezithile zesihlahla se-oki, kunenyama ebolayo. Insikazi inamathela esiqwini se-oki noma emaqabungeni, ukwakha okubukeka njengenyongo ebomvu evuvukele; umzimba wayo osebenza njengesihlangu esiphilayo kumaphuphu ayo aze achanyuselwe futhi ekugcineni aqede unina. Udayi obomvu okhishwe ngumama unamandla kangangokuthi unemibala emaqabunga, amagatsha amancane kanye nezihlahlana ngokwazo; eziqoqwa zomiswe.
• fa (G5053). Kuzo zonke ezinye ze 12 N.T. Izenzakalo lokhu kubonisa ukufa kwebhayoloji: nakuba mhlawumbe ingase isetshenziswe lapha ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso; ikakhulukazi uma kuhunyushwa njengokumelela icala lesono esingathethelelwe.

Kodwa qaphela lokho, njengoba nje umlilo uvezwa njengongapheli, kanjalo nesithombe esinyanyekayo salezi zinhlamvu ezibomvu zegazi ezimboza noma yiziphi izinsalela zabenzi bobubi. Futhi asitshelwa ukuthi singakhuthazela kanjani ngaphandle kokutholakala okwengeziwe kukaphethiloli noma ukudla. Siyazi ukuthi uMose’ isihlahla sasha singashi. Kodwa lezi zihluthu kuthiwa zidla ini? Sizobuyela kulo mbuzo ukuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngenxa ukuphelela, Ngizobalula kafushane iziqephu ezilandelayo ezihlobene:

• Mat 18:6-9 kubonakala kuyinguqulo efushanisiwe yengxoxo efanayo ne Mark 9:43-48. Lokhu cishe kuwukunikezwa okuzimele kwengxoxo efanayo. Umongo (okwenza izingane ziduke) kuyefana, njengoba ivesi (Isa 66:24) ukuthi uJesu ucaphuna. Kodwa, -phi Mark 9:43,45 ukhuluma ngayo, ‘umlilo ongacimiyo,’ UMathewu ukubiza ngokuthi ‘phakade (G166) umlilo'. Leli gama lesiGreki ‘aionios‘ ngokuvamile lihunyushwa ngokuthi ‘phakade’ noma ‘okuphakade:’ kodwa abanye baphikisa ngokuthi kufanele inikezwe, ‘ayeon’ noma, ‘ubude besikhathi.’ Sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe maduzane.
• Mat 5:29-30 inguqulo efushanisiwe kakhulu yalokhu okungenhla: kodwa itholakala eNtshumayelweni YaseNtabeni.
• Mat 23:33 ucaphuna uJesu’ amazwi kubabhali labaFarisi: ‘Zinyoka, nina nzalo yezinyoka, niyakubalekela kanjani ukwahlulelwa (G2920) weGehena?’ Leli gama lesiGreki ‘krisis,’ libonisa ukuthi iGehena liyindawo yokuphatha ubulungisa; futhi uJesu ukwenza kucace ukuthi ubuJuda babo kanye nokuvuma kwabo ubuhle angeke kubenze bakhululwe esijezisweni sakho..

Ukufa Kwesibili

“Ungabesabi ababulalayo (G615) umzimba, kodwa kabakwazi ukubulala (G615) umphefumulo. Kunalokho, mesabeni onamandla okubhubhisa (G622) kokubili umphefumulo nomzimba eGehena.” (Mat 10:28)

Nakuba uJesu engazange ayisebenzise ngokuqondile le nkulumo, ‘ukufa kwesibili,’ phakathi nenkonzo yakhe yasemhlabeni, ireferensi engenhla ikhombisa lokho, ekucabangeni kwakhe, lokhu kwakuhlobene nokujeziswa kweGehena. G615, ‘apokteino,’ ngokuvamile lisho ‘ukubulala’ noma, ngokwezwi nezwi ngaphezulu, ‘ukuqeda ngokunqamula ukuphila;’ nakuba kungenjalo ngomqondo wokucekela phansi noma yini esele. Kodwa G622, ‘apollumi,’ lisho ‘ukuqeda ngesenzo sokubhubhisa.’ -Buye, sizoxoxa kabanzi ngalokhu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuzisola Okubabayo Emlilweni Wobumnyama Bangaphandle

Cabangela amazwi kaJesu alandelayo acashunwa uMathewu noLuka:

Mat 8:11-12 Ngithi kini: Abaningi bayakuvela empumalanga nasentshonalanga, futhi ngiyohlala phansi no-Abrahama, Isaka, noJakobe embusweni weZulu, kodwa abantwana bombuso bazaphoselwa phandle (G1544) ngaphandle (G1857) ubumnyama (G4655). Lapho (G1563) kuyoba ukukhala nokugedla amazinyo.

Luk 13:28 Lapho (G1563) kuzakuba ukukhala lokugedla amazinyo, nxa lizabona uAbrahama, kanye no-Isaka, kanye noJakobe, labaprofethi bonke, embusweni kaNkulunkulu, nani niphonse (G1544) ngaphandle (G1854).

UJesu ukhuluma namaJuda, wenzalo ka-Abrahama, u-Isaka noJakobe; umbono wakhe wesikhathi esizayo wawungowokuza kukaMesiya ekugcineni, inzalo yenkosi yabo uDavide, ukumisa umbuso kaNkulunkulu emhlabeni. Kanjalo, babezibona ‘njengabantwana boMbuso.’ Phawula ikakhulukazi amaphuzu alandelayo:

• Okomfanyana, UJesu ubanikeza isixwayiso esiqinile sokuthi empeleni basengozini enkulu yokwenqatshwa ngenkani. I-G1544 ngokwezwi nezwi isho ukuthi 'phonsa ... ngaphandle'; kodwa uma lokho bekungacacile ngokwanele, ULuka wengeza ngokucacile i-G1854 ('kude ne').
• Komzuzwana, uchaza le ndawo ngokuthi ‘ingaphandle (G1857) ubumnyama (G4655)'. I-G1857 iyinhlanganisela ye-G1854, ephinda egcizelela umqondo wokulahlwa nokwehlukana. G4655, ‘ubumnyama,’ ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziswa ngomqondo 'wokufiphala': kodwa ku-N.T. ngokuvamile uvezwa njengokungabikho kokukhanya ngomqondo ongokwenyama noma wokuziphatha.
• Okwesithathu, wenza kucace ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho okunjalo kuyophumela ebumunyu, ukuzisola okuqotho kulabo abanqatshiwe ngale ndlela, njengoba kuboniswa ibinzana, ‘isililo nokugedla amazinyo.’ Ukugaya amazinyo ngokwesiko labo kwakuwukubonakaliswa komunyu owedlulele (noma ngisho nentukuthelo – Acts 7:54).
• Ekugcineni, qaphela ukuthi leli gama, 'Lapho (G1563)', akulona igama elingaziwa noma elizenzekelayo: libonisa indawo ethile, isifunda esingaphandle lapho labo abanqatshiwe bathunyelwe khona.

Kunezinye izikhombo ezine kuMathewu ezibhekisela emazwini kaJesu enanela lesi sihloko ‘sokukhala nokugedla amazinyo’:

Mat 13:40-42 Ngakho njengoba ukhula luyabuthwa lushiswe (G2618) ngomlilo (G4442); kuyakuba njalo ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi (G165). iNdodana yomuntu izathuma izingilosi zayo, futhi bayobutha baphume eMbusweni wakhe zonke izinto ezikhubekisayo, nalabo abenza okubi, futhi iyakubaphonsa esithandweni somlilo (G4442). Lapho (G1563) kuyakuba khona ukukhala nokugedla amazinyo.

Mat 13:49-50 Kuyoba njalo ekupheleni kwezwe (G165). Izingelosi zizophuma, ahlukanise ababi phakathi kwabalungileyo, futhi iyakubaphonsa esithandweni somlilo (G4442). Lapho (G1563) kuyoba ukukhala nokugedla amazinyo.

Mat 22:13 Inkosi yasisithi ezincekwini, ‘Mbopheni izandla nezinyawo, amsuse, bese uphonsa (G1544) angene ngaphandle (G1857) ubumnyama (G4655); Lapho (G1563) yilapho kuyakuba khona ukukhala nokugedla amazinyo.’

Mat 25:30 Tshinga phandle (G1544) inceku engasizi ngalutho ngaphandle (G1857) ubumnyama (G4655), lapho (G1563) kuyoba ukukhala nokugedla amazinyo.’

Kulawa singacosha amaphuzu engeziwe alandelayo:

• Wonke la mavesi abonakala ebhekisela endaweni eyodwa, ‘lapho kuyakuba khona ukukhala nokugedla amazinyo.’
• Uma zonke zibhekisela endaweni eyodwa, khona-ke lesi ‘sithando somlilo’ ebumnyameni obungaphandle’ akumele ixhaswe wumlilo ongekho ojwayelekile: kodwa uhlobo oluthile lomlilo omnyama ongakhiphi ukukhanya.
• Lapho ukhula lwe-darnel ‘lushiswa (G2618) ngomlilo (G4442),’ I-G2618 isho ‘ukushiswa,’ (i.e. ukuze kusale lutho ngaphandle komlotha). Ngakho-ke akukhona okungenangqondo ukubuza ukuthi ukubhujiswa okufanayo kungase kusikiselwe yini kulabo abaphonswa ‘esithandweni somlilo. (G4442)'. Sizocabangela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe kamuva.
• Zombili izinkomba ku Matthew 13:24-50 zisuka emifanekisweni echaza izehlakalo ekupheleni kwenkathi/umhlaba. Igama lesiNgisi, ‘ayen,’ ekuqaleni yayihunyushwe ngokwezwi nezwi yegama lesiGreki elithi ‘aion’ (G165)) futhi uhlala esondelene kakhulu nayo ngencazelo. Kodwa kunomehluko ophawulekayo, esizoxoxa ngakho kabanzi Isithasiselo A.
• Umfanekiso ku Matthew 22:2-14 futhi kubonakala kugxile ezenzakalweni zesikhathi sokuphela, echaza idili lomshado lapho izimenywa zokuqala zenqatshwa, kanye nomuntu owangena edilini engayembethe ingubo yomshado. (Njengoba lokhu kwakujwayele ukuhlinzekwa ngumninikhaya emnyango, kusho ukuthi wenqabile ukuphana kosokhaya noma wazama ukunyonyoba ngenye indlela.)
• Ngokwesinye isandla, Mat 25:14-30 ilandisa ukuthi inceku evilaphayo iphonswa kanjani ebumnyameni obungaphandle.
• Nakuba lezi ziqephu zibonakala zibhekisela endaweni eyodwa, okokugcina 2 chaza izimo ezihluke kakhulu. Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi inceku evilaphayo ibhekana nesiphetho esifanayo nesibi; noma kungenzeka ukuthi umphumela wokugcina uhlukile?

Funda uqhubeke …

Imibhalo yaphansi

1. Qonda, Ngokwesibonelo, Lev 19:9-10, Deut 16:11-14, Job 31:16-22, Ingabe 58:4-11[/x].
2. Lezi zinombolo zihambisana nokubhalwe ku-Dictionary of Greek Words evela ku-Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance kaJames Strong., S.T.D., LL.D.
3. ‘AmaKaledi achaza umprofethi u-Isaya’ [ngoJonathan b. Uziel] tr. ngu-C.W.H. U-Pauli, Indlu yeLondon Society, 1871, pg. 226. Isizinda esisesidlangalaleni. Itholakala kusukela I-Google Books.