Ngaphambi kokudlulela emfundisweni ethile kaJesu, kungaba usizo ukubheka kafushane indlela ukuqonda kweBhayibheli kwalolu daba okuthuthuke ngayo.

Isambulo Esiqhubekayo

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi iBhayibheli linikeza isambulo esiqhubekayo sentando kaNkulunkulu ngesintu. Ekuqaleni, umuntu wayephila esimweni sokuhlanganyela noNkulunkulu futhi enokufinyelela okuphakade ‘Esihlahleni Sokuphila’ lokho kwakwazi ukusenza singafi ngokuphumelelayo (Gen 3:22). Ngakho-ke, umbuzo, ‘Kwenzekani lapho sifa?’ kwakungenamsebenzi; futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokona kuka-Adamu akuzange kubukeke sengathi kuningi okwenzekile - ngaphandle kokuthi ubudlelwano bomuntu noNkulunkulu bephulwa futhi waxoshwa ensimini yase-Edene.. Kepha manje, njengoba iNyoka yathembisa ngenkohliso, isintu sase ‘sifana noNkulunkulu, ukwazi okuhle nobubi.’ Ngaphambili, okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kwakukuhle kuphela: manje waqala ukuzwa ububi (kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle), isimangaliso sempilo entsha, umunyu wenzondo nokufa kanye nokungakwazi okwesabekayo ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela eyayizokwenzeka kuye lapho efa. Okwamanje, ayekwazi nje ukuthi umzimba wakhe wawuzobola ubuyele emhlabathini.

Kodwa wayenenduduzo eyodwa enkulu. UNkulunkulu owayethembele kuye wayesamkhathalela (Gen 3:21) futhi wayebikezele ngeNyoka: “Ngizobeka ubutha phakathi kwakho nowesifazane, naphakathi kwenzalo yakho nenzalo yakhe. Iyakuchoboza ikhanda lakho, wena uyakulimaza isithende sakhe.” (Gen 3:15) U-Adamu noma iNyoka babengazi ukuthi lokho kusho ukuthini. Ngempela, kwakubalulekile ukuthi iNyoka ingazi: ngoba kwakuyingxenye yecebo likaNkulunkulu ukuthi iNyoka ngokwayo ibe nesandla ekuletheni ukuwa kwayo..

Kodwa sikhuluma ukuhlakanipha kukaNkulunkulu emfihlakalweni, ukuhlakanipha obekufihliwe, uNkulunkulu akumisela ngaphambili umhlaba ungakabi khona kube yinkazimulo yethu, okungaziwa namunye wababusi balumhlaba. Ngoba ukube babekwazi, babengeke bayibethele iNkosi yenkazimulo. (1Co 2:7-8)

Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka alandela uNkulunkulu wembula kancane kancane okwengeziwe ngenjongo yakhe yokugcina: kodwa njalo ngezindlela ezaqhubeka nokufihla isu lakhe lokugcina ngenkathi esifundisa okwengeziwe ngezimiso zokulunga nobulungisa bukaNkulunkulu - kanye nokubaluleka okubalulekile kokuthuthukisa ubuhlobo bokholo noNkulunkulu..

• Gen 5:24. U-Enoke uyanyamalala ngolunye usuku ezimweni ezingayitholi incazelo enengqondo. Ingabe amathrekhi akhe avele aphela ngokuzumayo ngengubo elahliwe futhi kungekho zimpawu zomzabalazo, njengo-Eliya eminyakeni yakamuva (2Kings 2:11-13)? Asazi: kodwa abasala ngemuva baphetha ngokuthi, ngoba wayaziwa ukuthi wenze ukusondela kuNkulunkulu kube yinto yokuqala kuye, Kumelwe ukuba uNkulunkulu wasifeza isifiso sakhe.
• Gen 6:5-8:22. Ububi budlondlobala kangangokuthi uNkulunkulu unquma ukuthi kudingekile ukuba anqande ukusakazeka kwabo ngesigwebo sokufa ngokushesha.. UNowa kuphela - indoda, njengo-Enoke, wahamba noNkulunkulu, waphila ngokulunga futhi walalela izwi likaNkulunkulu - uyasindiswa leso sahlulelo esisheshayo, kanye nomndeni wakhe.
• … futhi kanjalo indaba iyaqhubeka, ngezigameko ezilandelanayo eziqinisa eyodwa, eminye noma yomibili imibono yokuthi uNkulunkulu uzobuyisela ububi kulabo abenza okubi: kodwa lokho, ngandlela thize, naphezu kobubi obusobala nokufa okwehlele isintu, UNkulunkulu wayesafuna ukuba nathi futhi ukufa kwakungadingeki kube isiphetho salabo ababemfuna ngokweqiniso.

Lokho akusho ukuthi zazingekho ezinye iziprofetho ezazikhomba ukufika kukaJesu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zaziyanda.

Mayelana nale nsindiso, abaprofethi bafuna futhi baphenya ngenkuthalo, owaprofetha ngomusa owawuzakuza kini, efuna ukuthi ubani noma hlobo luni lwesikhathi uMoya kaKristu, okwakuphakathi kwabo, akhombe ku, lapho ebikezela izinhlupheko zikaKristu, lenkazimulo eyayizakubalandela. (1Pe 1:10-11)

Noma kunjalo, indlela lezi ziprofetho ezaziyogcwaliseka ngayo yahlala iyimfihlo; namakholwa ngamanye ngezinye izikhathi ashintshana phakathi kwethemba nokuphelelwa ithemba. Ngizoveza ezinye izibonelo ezimbili zomfanekiso othile...

Umsebenzi, phakathi kwakho konke ukukhononda kwakhe, iphuma negugu langempela lokuqonda okungokomoya:

Ngiyazi ukuthi umhlengi wami uyaphila, nokuthi ekugcineni uyokuma emhlabeni. Futhi ngemva kokuba isikhumba sami sibhujisiwe, nokho enyameni yami ngiyakumbona uNkulunkulu; (Job 19:25-26)

Ngokwazi kwethu, UJobe akakaze atshelwe lokhu uNkulunkulu nanoma yimuphi umprofethi owandulelayo. Empeleni, livela ku Job 7:9 ukuthi lo mbono awuzange ufike kuye ngaphambili. Nokho akabonakali ehambisana noNkulunkulu ngokomoya ngaleso sikhathi! Umane ufunda imikhondo yokusebenzelana kukaNkulunkulu nomuntu kwangaphambilini futhi ebeka ukholo lwakhe ebuhleni nasebulungiswa bokugcina bukaNkulunkulu.. Ngakho uphetha ngokuthi ukukhululwa kumelwe kufike – noma kufanele alinde kuze kube sekupheleni komhlaba.

Kukhona isibonelo esifanayo ku Psalm 49:1-20. Umhubi uchaza lokhu ‘njengemfumbe’ – umbuzo obonakala ungenayo impendulo ephusile kodwa owenza umqondo uma ekugcineni ubonwa ngendlela efanele. Uqala ngokubuza ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi abhekane nekusasa ngaphandle kokwesaba, lapho izikhathi zimbi naphezu kokuqaphela kwakhe isono sakhe. Ube eseqhathanisa lokhu nokuzethemba okuzidlayo kwalabo abaye bazuza ukuchuma nesimo kulo mhlaba.; eveza ukuthi abakwazi ngisho ukusindisa izimpilo zabo futhi konke kuba yize. Uphetha ngala mazwi:

Bamiswa njengomhlambi weShiyoli. Ukufa kuyakuba ngumalusi wabo. Abaqotho bayakubusa phezu kwabo ekuseni. Ubuhle babo buyobola endaweni yabafileyo, kude nesithabathaba sabo. Kepha uNkulunkulu uyakuwukhulula umphefumulo wami esandleni seShiyoli, ngoba uzakungamukela. Sela. Ungesabi uma umuntu ecebile, nxa inkazimulo yendlu yakhe ikhula. Ngokuba uma efa akayikuthwala lutho. Inkazimulo yakhe ayiyikwehla emva kwakhe. Nakuba esaphila wawubusisa umphefumulo wakhe– nabantu bayakudumisa uma uzenzela okuhle– uyakuya esizukulwaneni sawoyise. Abasoze bakubona ukukhanya. Umuntu onengcebo engenangqondo, ufana nezilwane ezibhubhayo. (Psa 49:14-20)

IShiyoli

‘Shiyoli’ igama lesiHeberu elisho ‘indawo yabafileyo;’ ngezinye izikhathi kubhekiselwa kulo eTestamenteni Elidala ngokuthi ‘umgodi’ (Ezekiel 31:16). NgesiNgisi, ngokuvamile lihunyushwa ngendlela engokomfanekiso ngokuthi ‘ithuna;’ nakuba kubhekiselwa kuyo indawo yokungcwaba engokoqobo, isiHebheru sisebenzisa igama elihlukile, ngokuvamile ‘ithuna.’ IShiyoli icishe ifane negama lesiGreki, ‘Hayidesi;’ futhi ihunyushwe kanjalo eTestamenteni Elisha naseTestamenteni Elidala leSeptuagint. Lihunyushwa nangokuthi ‘iShiyoli’ noma ‘iHayidesi’ ezinguqulweni eziningi zesiNgisi zesimanje.

Ezekiel 32:18-32 udweba isithombe seShiyoli njengomgodi omkhulu lapho abafileyo bezizwe ezihlukahlukene bengcwatshwe khona ngamaqembu; abanye abanezimpawu zodumo kunezinye: kodwa nokho befile. Abanye bakhuthazwa ukwazi ukuthi lo mbono kaHezekeli awusho lutho ngo-Israyeli futhi bonke okukhulunywa ngabo abasokile.. Kodwa abanye, beqaphela ukona kwabo, nokubona kungenathemba elicacile lovuko ekugcineni kwakusabheka ukufa njengokuphela futhi kwagxilisa amathemba abo ekujabuleleni isibusiso sikaNkulunkulu esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi nalokhu kuphila.. Ngisho nenkosi uHezekiya (enye yamakhosi akwaJuda abesaba uNkulunkulu) okulindeleke ukuba agcine eShiyoli, ngingenathemba lempilo yesikhathi esizayo, lapho efa:

ngithe, “Phakathi nokuphila kwami ​​ngingena emasangweni eShiyoli. Ngiphucwa insalela yeminyaka yami.” ngithe, “Angeke ngimbone Yah, Yah ezweni labaphilayo. angisayikubona umuntu kanye nabakhileyo emhlabeni. Indawo yami yokuhlala isusiwe, futhi liyasuswa kimi njengetende lomalusi. Ngisongile, njengomluki, ukuphila kwami. Uzonginquma emshinini wokuluka. Kusukela emini kuze kube sebusuku uyongiqeda. ... Ngoba iShiyoli alinakukudumisa. Ukufa akukwazi ukukubungaza. Labo abehlela egodini abanakuthemba iqiniso lakho. (Isa 38:10-12,18)

IGehena

‘Gehena’ isifinyezo sesiGreki segama lesiHebheru, ‘isigodi sendodana kaHinomu.’ Umhosha lo, ngaphandle nje kweJerusalema, kwakuyindawo enegama elibi. Lapho abantu bamaJuda behlubuka kuNkulunkulu, bakha ‘indawo ephakemeyo’ (indawo yomhlatshelo) Lapho; lapho izingane ‘zadatshulwa emlilweni’ (i.e. umhlatshelo) kuNkulunkulu wabahedeni, Moleki. Umprofethi uJeremiya washo la mazwi alandelayo ngokumelene nayo:

Bazakhele izindawo eziphakemeyo zaseThofeti, osesigodini sendodana kaHinomu, ukuze bashise amadodana abo namadodakazi abo emlilweni; engingazange ngibayale, futhi akuzange kungene engqondweni yami. Ngakhoke, bheka, izinsuku ziza, kusho uYahweh, ukuthi alisayikubizwa ngokuthi iThofeti, noma isigodi sendodana kaHinomu, kodwa isigodi sokuHlatshwa: ngoba bayakumbela eThofeti, kuze kungasekho indawo yokungcwaba. Izidumbu zalaba bantu ziyakuba ngukudla kwezinyoni zezulu, lezilwane zomhlaba; futhi kakho ozabesabisa. (Jer 7:31-33)

Jeremiah 19:1-15 yenza isimemezelo esigcizelela nakakhulu mayelana nale ndawo; egcizelela ukuthi liyogcwala izidumbu zalabo abashiye uNkulunkulu; nokuthi ngisho neJerusalema laliyokwenziwa libe njengalo ngenxa yobubi babakhileyo kulo.

Inkathi Yethempeli Lesibili

Phakathi neminyaka ephakathi kokubuya ekuthunjweni eBhabhiloni nokuzalwa kukaJesu kwaba nokungavumelani okukhulu kwezimfundiso phakathi kwamaJuda.. Iqembu lezihlakaniphi labaSadusi lawenqaba umqondo wezingelosi, imimoya, ukuphila ngemva kokufa nokwahlulelwa kokugcina njengenkolelo-ze nje; kuyilapho abaFarisi bephikelela eqinisweni lawo. Nokho, izincazelo eziqondene ngqo nezincazelo zemibhalo ekhuluma ngale ndaba zaziwukuqagela, kuye ngokuchazwa korabi ngabanye - futhi kwahlukahluka kakhulu. Kodwa ngesikhathi sikaJesu ‘iShiyoli’ ngokuvamile kwakuqondwa njengokusho indawo yabafileyo; nakuba kubonakala sengathi abaFarisi base befinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi amaJuda alungile ayeyogwenywa ebubini bakho futhi esikhundleni salokho amukelwe phakathi kwezinzalamizi ukuze alindele ukuvuswa kwawo ekugcineni phakathi nenkathi kaMesiya.. Lesi kwakuyisimo ngezinye izikhathi esasibizwa ngokuthi ‘isifuba sika-Abrahama.’

Ngekhulu lokuqala BC isi-Aramaic, esikhundleni sesiHebheru, lase liwulimi lwansuku zonke lwabantu bamaJuda; futhi kwakuwumkhuba ovamile ukuhambisana nokufundwa kweningi kwemibhalo yesiHeberu nencazelo yevesi nevesi ngesi-Aramu, eyaziwa ngokuthi iTargum. Ekuqaleni, lezi zazishiwo ngekhanda: kodwa maphakathi nekhulu lokuqala AD base bezibophezele ekubhaleni.

AbakwaTargum bayakuveza lokho, ngesikhathi sikaJesu, ‘Gehena’ kwase kube yisaga sendawo lapho uNkulunkulu ayejezisa khona abenzi bokubi - ikakhulukazi abeZizwe abangakholwa.: kodwa namaJuda. Nokho, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kufanele kube nomkhawulo ngesikhathi leso sijeziso kanye namasiko orabi athuthukiswa phakathi nalesi sikhathi abeka umkhawulo omkhulu 12 izinyanga. Kwakunenkolelo yokuthi ngemva kwalokhu umuntu wayengakufanelekela uvuko noma ukubhujiswa ekugcineni; okwakamuva kuchazwa ‘njengoKufa Kwesibili.’ Ngezindlela eziningi, ngakhoke, amasiko orabi aphathelene neGehena ayefana kakhulu nomqondo wamaKatolika wesihlanzo kunaleso esisibiza ngokuthi isiHogo..

Ngakho lapho uJesu eqala inkonzo yakhe imiqondo elandelayo yayisivele isungulwe emcabangweni wamaJuda, nakuba isimo sazo sangempela saqhubeka siyindaba-mpikiswano:

• IShiyoli - Indawo Yabafileyo.
• Isifuba sika-Abrahama - indawo lapho amaJuda alungile ayengalindela ukuvuka kwawo ekugcineni.
• IGehena - indawo yokuphindisela kwaphezulu, okuzolandelwa noma wukuvuka ekugcineni, noma
• Ukufa Kwesibili - ukubhujiswa noma isimo sokufa unomphela.

Funda uqhubeke …