Vakadzi vakawanepi?

1. Sezvambotaurwa, vakadzi vakanga vasiri kuuya kuzopupurira rumuko; asi kuomesa chitunha.

2. Vakadzi vakasiyana vanotaurwa munhoroondo dzakasiyana.

Mateu anotaura nezvaMariya Magadharini uye ‘mumwe Mariya’ (Mt 28:1). Mako anotaura nezvaMariya Magadharini, ‘Maria amai vaJakobho*’ naSalome (Mk 16:1). Ruka anotumidza Maria Magadharini, Joana na‘Maria mai vaJakobho*’; asi zvinoratidza kuti ava vakanga vasiri ivo chete vakadzi vaiva muboka racho (Lk 24:10). Johani anongotaura nezvaMariya Magadharini (Jn 20:1).(* Kubva kuMt 27:56 uye mk 15:40 tinodzidza kuti Maria, mai vaJakobho vakanga vari mai vaJosesi, uye kuti uyu Jakobho aizivikanwa sa‘Jakobho Muduku’; zvichida kumusiyanisa kubva kuna 'James the Just', mukoma waJesu.)

Nhoroondo dzose dzinotiudza kuti vakasvika mangwanani-ngwanani (John anoti kwainge kuchakasviba pakauya Mary (Jn 20:1) uye Mateo anoti kwaedza (Mt 28:1)).

3. Ringava risiri guva here?

Pfungwa iyi inosangana nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda:

(i) Matthew, Marko naRuka vose vanonyora idi rokuti vakadzi vakanga vacherekedza vamene nzvimbo yeguva apo Jesu akaendeswa ikoko.

(ii) Sezvo vakanga vasingatarisiri kumutswa kupi nokupi; asi vaitarisira kuwana guva rakanamwa, nedombo panzvimbo, ko vaigoivhiringa nei neyakavhurika? Uye kana vaiva nazvo, sei vasina kuona kukanganisa kwavo pakuiwana isina chinhu?

(iii) Vakuru vangadai vakashora makuhwa aJesu’ kumuka nekungo gadzira muviri.

4. Guva Rakavhurika

Mako anotaura kuti vakanga vachinetseka kuti ndiani aizobvisa dombo, sezvo yaive hombe (Mk 16:3). Maka, Ruka naJohani vose vanoshuma kuti pavakasvika vakawana dombo ratokungurutswa kubva paguva. Mateo anotiudza kuti ngirozi yakasimudza dombo ndokuvhundutsa varindi (ona hurukuro yapfuura). Haatiudze kana vakadzi vacho vakanyatsoona izvi zvichiitika; asi anopfuurira nokurondedzera kurukurirano yengirozi navakadzi (Mt 28:1-7).

5. Pane kusawirirana pakuti vangani varume kana ngirozi dzakaonekwa, uye rinhi.

Mateu anotaura nezvengirozi imwe chete nevamwe varindi vaitya zvikuru (angave kana kuti haana kuonekwa nevakadzi), nengirozi ichiudza vakadzi kuti ‘Uyai, onai nzvimbo pakange pavete Ishe’ (Mt 28:2-6). Anobva avaudza kuti Jesu achaenda kuGarireya. Pane imwe nguva vanofanira kunge vakapinda muguva: nokuti ipapo ‘vakabuda nokukurumidza muguva vachitya nomufaro mukuru’ (7-8). Mashoko okutanga engirozi angaratidza kuti pakutanga vakanga vari kunze kweguva: asi zvinoenderana nechimiro chemukati, sezvo makuva akadaro aigara aine zvinwiwa zvakawanda.

Mako anotiudza kuti vapinda muguva vakaona ‘jaya rakanga rakapfeka nguo refu chena rakagara kuruoko rworudyi.,’ anovapa shoko rakafanana nerakanyorwa naMateo. Anotiudzawo kuti vakatiza kubva muguva, kudedera nokutya.

Ruka anotiudza kuti vakapinda muguva vakaona varume vaviri vakamira pedyo navo vakapfeka nguo dzaipenya. Zvekare, meseji yakafanana inopihwa.

Johane anonyora kuti panguva ino Maria Magadharini haasati aziva chaizvoizvo chiri kuitika: nekuti kana awana Peter message yake ndiyo iyoyo, ‘vabvisa Ishe muguva, uye hatizivi kwavakamuradzika.’ (Jn 20:2) Maererano nenhoroondo yaJohani, kusati kuri kutozosvikira nguva refu gare gare apo Maria anotarira muguva ndokuona ngirozi mbiri.

Misiyano iyi inogona kuyananiswa here? Ehe, zviri nyore.

(i) Nyaya yekuti ‘varume vakapfeka zvichena’ dzinonzi ngirozi kana kuti kwete zvingaita sedzakakosha kwatiri: asi yakanga ine revo shoma mumurangariro wechiJudha. Nongedzero dzeTestamende Yekare nezvengirozi dzinowanzodzinongedzera sa‘vanhu’ uye, zvinopesana nezvinodavirwa nevakawanda, ratidza kuti ndizvo chaizvo zvavaiwanzoita (eg. Gen 19:1,10,12,15,16). Saka tsananguro yaMako naRuka haigoni kutorwa kureva kuti idzi dzaisava ngirozi; asi kungoti vaiita sevarume. Izvi zvinotsanangurawo kuti sei Johane achitiudza kuti Maria, kunyange mushure mokuona ngirozi mbiri muguva (Jn 20:12), ndichiri kungofunga kuti mutumbi wainge uchangobva kutamiswa (v.15): kwaari, vairatidzika sevanhuwo zvavo.

(ii) Kusiyana kwenhamba kunoonekwa kunotsanangurwa zvakare nyore nemamiriro mukati meguva. Madzimai akaona vatumwa (inova iyo ‘ngirozi’ chaizvoizvo zvinoreva), akanzwa shoko akatiza. Vaizofanira kupinda nefaira rimwe chete: avo vari mberi vangadai vakave nemaonero akanaka; nepo vari shure vangadai vakaona zvishoma. Maria Magadharini, zvinoita, havana kana kumbopinda vamwe vakange vomhanyira kubuda. Kunyatsodonongodza nhoroondo yakanyorwa kwaizoenderana nekuti ndiani wevakadzi vacho aitaura nyaya yavo.

Ko nyaya kusvika parizvino inoratidza 'kushongedza,’ kana kuti chinangwa chevanyori chokubudisa mashoko okufananidzira panzvimbo pemashoko chaiwo orumuko?

Sekutaura kwamadzibaba echechi, vhangeri rokutanga kunyorwa rakanga riri raMateo: asi nhoroondo yake ine ngirozi yakajeka zvikuru (kunyange imwe chete) uye ine mamwe mashoko okuwedzera ane chokuita nevarindi.

Nhoroondo yaMako inonyanya kufarirwa sevhangeri rekutanga rinofungidzirwa nevatsigiri vekunakisa. Ndiro pfupi, uye ine nhoroondo pfupi uye yakapfava yerumuko, ne‘jaya rimwe chete rakapfeka nguo refu chena.’ Uyezve, chasara chaMako ndecheunyori hunopokana, kune shanduro dzakawanda dzinozivikanwa dzine magumo akasiyana, saka zvinokwanisika kufuratira chero chinhu chinotevera nhoroondo yevakadzi.

Zvisinei, pane zvakawanda zvinopikisa padzidziso yekushongedza:

(i) Kana tikatarisa chii ndizvo munhoroondo yaMako tichine chirevo chakajeka chekuti guva rakavhurwa uye mutumbi waJesu waenda. Tinoudzwa zvakajeka kuti Jesu akanga amutswa, kuti kusavapo kwomutumbi kwakaratidza chokwadi uye kuti akanga oenda kuGarirea, kwaizomuona vadzidzi vake. Mune mamwe mazwi, tiri zvakadaro tichitarisa chirevo chakazara che a zvenyama Kumuka. Zvese zvinonyatso siyana munhoroondo yaMako ndezvekuti anongotaura nezvemutumwa mumwe chete uye haamuti ngirozi..

(ii) 1 Corinthians 15:3-8 (iyo inowanzonyorwa pakati peAD 54-7), tisingataure nezveakaundi yevakadzi, inoronga kuoneka kwaPetro amutswa, vanegumi navaviri, 500 panguva imwe chete, James, vaapositori vose uye pakupedzisira Pauro: uye, sezvataurwa kumwewo, Kuongororwa kwechivara ichi kunoratidza kuti ndima idzi dzakabva pashoko rekutenda rakatomboita.

(iii) Mhosva yakasimba inogona kuitwa pazvikonzero zvemukati izvo Ruka haana kuvakira evhangeri yake pana Mako kana Mateo, kana kuti dai akaita izvozvo zvechokwadi akanga asiri kuedza kunatsiridza nhoroondo yake. Semuyenzaniso, Mako yose 6:45-8:26 asipo; kusanganisira nhoroondo yaJesu achifamba pamusoro pemvura, izvo chero mugadziri angadai akashandisa. Zvakafanana, Nhoroondo yaRuka yokuberekwa kwaJesu hairatidziri kuziva nhoroondo yaMateo yokushanya kwavaMagi uye kutizira kuEgipita..

(iv) Evhangeri yaJohane, kunyange zvazvo zvichiri kuverengwa nenyanzvi dzakawanda seyokupedzisira kunyorwa, hazvina musoro kana sebasa remushonga. Nhoroondo yake yokushanya kwaMariya kuguva inooneka pachiso chayo kuti ipikisane nedzimwe nhoroondo: anosiya uchapupu hwevamwe vakadzi uye anoti Mariya paakatanga kuwana Petro naJohani akanga asingazivi kuti chii chakanga chaitika kuna Jesu., kunze kwekuti akanga atorwa (Jn 20:2). Pane rimwe divi, sezvakaita Ruka, zvinoita sekuti hapana wevamwe vanyori veevhangeri aiziva nhoroondo yaJohani: mugadziri angadai asina kudonhedza nyaya inobaya mwoyo kudaro kana kupokana neshanduro yaJohn yezviitiko..

(v) Kana mhosva yekushongedza yakaitwa, zvaifanira kupesana naMateo. Asi, maererano nenhoroondo yezvakaonekwa navakadzi, musiyano uripo ndewekuti Mateo anodana mutumwa wacho kuti ngirozi.

(vi) Kana toreva nezvechinangwa chekufananidzira, guva risina chinhu rinoonekwa sechinhu chepakati cheakaundi imwe neimwe. Zvakaoma zvikuru naizvozvo kuti titore izvi sokungowedzera kwekufananidzira. Zviri pachena kuti vanyori vari kutaura kuti guva aiva empty.

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